Luxenburg Dylan, Rizzo Michael G.
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM), Miami, FL
Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
The word pronator originates from the Latin meaning “lying face downward,” and this appropriately describes the function of the pronator teres, which rotates the forearm so that the palm faces downwards. The pronator teres is a fusiform forearm muscle found in the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm. Its primary function is to pronate the forearm and assist in forearm flexion. This muscle, therefore, has essential involvement in sporting activities. The median nerve innervates the pronator teres as it travels through the pronator teres’ two heads originating from the humerus and the ulna. The median nerve is thus at risk for compression at this site in cases of pronator teres overuse or even hypertrophy. Clinically, median nerve compression at this site is known as pronator teres syndrome. Patients with this syndrome most commonly experience pain and numbness, but motor dysfunction may also be present in some cases.
旋前圆肌这个词源于拉丁语，意思是“脸朝下躺着”，这恰如其分地描述了旋前圆肌的功能，即旋转前臂使手掌向下。旋前圆肌是一块梭形的前臂肌肉，位于前臂前侧肌群的浅层。它的主要功能是使前臂旋前并协助前臂屈曲。因此，这块肌肉在体育活动中起着至关重要的作用。正中神经在穿过分别起自肱骨和尺骨的旋前圆肌两头时支配该肌。因此，在旋前圆肌过度使用甚至肥大的情况下，正中神经在这个部位有受压的风险。临床上，这个部位的正中神经受压被称为旋前圆肌综合征。患有这种综合征的患者最常见的症状是疼痛和麻木，但在某些情况下也可能出现运动功能障碍。
