Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
Neurotherapeutics. 2022 Jul;19(4):1283-1297. doi: 10.1007/s13311-022-01248-1. Epub 2022 May 20.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease with motor disorders as the key clinical features. BDNF/TrkB neurotrophic signalings are progressively reduced, whereas δ-secretase, a protease that cleaves α-synuclein (α-Syn) at N103 and promotes its aggregation and neurotoxicity, is gradually escalated in PD patient brains, associated with dopaminergic neuronal loss in the Substantia Nigra. Here, we show that stimulation of deficient BDNF/TrkB signalings with its small molecular agonist CF3CN displays the promising therapeutic effect, and blockade of δ-secretase with an optimal specific inhibitor #11A exhibits marked therapeutic effect, and combination of both demonstrates additive restorative efficacy in MPTP-induced human SNCA transgenic PD mice. Upon oral administration, CF3CN robustly activates TrkB-mediated neurotrophic pathway in the brains of SNCA mice and decreases α-Syn N103 cleavage by δ-secretase, and #11A strongly blocks δ-secretase and reduces α-Syn N103 fragmentation, increasing TH-positive dopaminergic neurons. The mixture of CF3CN and #11A shows the maximal TH and dopamine levels with demonstrable BDNF as compared to negligible BDNF in vehicle-treated MPTP/SNCA mice, leading to the climaxed motor functions. Notably, both compounds possess the appropriate in vivo PK profiles. Hence, our findings support that CF3CN and #11A are promising therapeutic pharmaceutical agents for treating PD.
帕金森病(PD)是第二常见的神经退行性疾病,以运动障碍为主要临床特征。BDNF/TrkB 神经营养信号逐渐降低,而 δ-分泌酶是一种能够在 N103 处切割α-突触核蛋白(α-Syn)并促进其聚集和神经毒性的蛋白酶,在 PD 患者大脑中逐渐升高,与黑质多巴胺能神经元的丧失有关。在这里,我们表明,用其小分子激动剂 CF3CN 刺激不足的 BDNF/TrkB 信号显示出有希望的治疗效果,用最佳的特异性抑制剂 #11A 阻断 δ-分泌酶显示出显著的治疗效果,两者联合显示出在 MPTP 诱导的人 SNCA 转基因 PD 小鼠中具有附加的修复功效。口服 CF3CN 可在 SNCA 小鼠的大脑中强烈激活 TrkB 介导的神经营养途径,并减少 δ-分泌酶引起的 α-Syn N103 切割,而 #11A 则强烈阻断 δ-分泌酶并减少 α-Syn N103 片段化,增加 TH 阳性多巴胺能神经元。与 MPTP/SNCA 小鼠中的载体处理相比,CF3CN 和 #11A 的混合物显示出最大的 TH 和多巴胺水平,并显示出可测量的 BDNF,导致运动功能达到高潮。值得注意的是,这两种化合物都具有适当的体内 PK 特征。因此,我们的发现支持 CF3CN 和 #11A 是治疗 PD 的有前途的治疗药物。