São Paulo State University, (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto Campus, SP, Brazil; University Center Padre Albino (UNIFIPA), Catanduva, SP, Brazil.
University Center Padre Albino (UNIFIPA), Catanduva, SP, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2022 Sep 15;295:115334. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115334. Epub 2022 May 18.
Wound healing is a complex process that can leave pathological scars, especially in case of infections from opportunistic microorganisms. In this context, herbal medicines open up great possibilities for investigation. One of the species of interest native to Brazil is Garcinia brasiliensis ("bacupari"). Traditionally known for treating wounds and ulcers, G. brasiliensis presents anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobials properties. But, its wound healing profile in experimental models, in order to validate its efficacy, is still litle studied.
Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate, in an infected cutanous wound model, the potential of formulations incorporated with G. brasiliensis leaves extracts.
Crude extract (CE), Ethyl Acetate Fraction (EAF) and Hexanic Fraction (HF) were submitted to phytochemical assays, high performance thin layer chromatography (HTPLC) and cytotoxicity studies. CE and EAF were also tested for microbicidal properties and incorporated in cream and gel formulations at 10% concentration. After stability testing, the gel formulations with CE or EAF at 10% were selected and applied to skin wounds infected or not with Staphylococcus aureus in Wistar rats. The healing potenttial of the extracts was verified by the expression of the protein Annexin A1 (AnxA1), related to the processes of inflammation and antifibrotic function, the cells immunostaining for Gasdermin-D (GSDM-D), a marker of pyroptotic cell death, and the dosage of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 inflammatory mediators.
Phytochemical studies indicated the presence of compounds of pharmacological interest, including Catechin, Quercetin and Berberine in addition to low cytotoxicity of CE and EAF at 10%. After the 6-day topical treatments, CE and EAF gel formulations demonstrated to control the pruritus formation process. The treatments decreased AnxA1 expression and the amount of cells immunostained for GSDM-D, and increased the expression of MCP-1 in infected wounds.
Together, the results show important anti-inflammatory profile and skin healing potential of CE and EAF from G. brasiliensis leaves, even in infected lesions, with therapeutic perspectives.
伤口愈合是一个复杂的过程，可能会留下病理性瘢痕，特别是在机会性微生物感染的情况下。在这种情况下，草药为研究提供了很大的可能性。巴西原产的一种感兴趣的物种是 Garcinia brasiliensis（“bacupari”）。传统上用于治疗伤口和溃疡，G. brasiliensis 具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗微生物特性。但是，为了验证其疗效，其在实验模型中的伤口愈合特性仍研究甚少。
因此，本工作的目的是在感染性皮肤伤口模型中评估含有 G. brasiliensis 叶提取物的制剂的潜在作用。
粗提取物（CE）、乙酸乙酯馏分（EAF）和正己烷馏分（HF）进行了植物化学分析、高效薄层色谱（HTPLC）和细胞毒性研究。CE 和 EAF 还进行了杀菌性能测试，并以 10%浓度加入乳膏和凝胶制剂。经过稳定性测试后，选择含有 CE 或 EAF 的 10%凝胶制剂，并应用于感染或未感染金黄色葡萄球菌的 Wistar 大鼠皮肤伤口。通过检测与炎症和抗纤维化功能相关的蛋白 Annexin A1（AnxA1）的表达、Gasdermin-D（GSDM-D）免疫细胞染色，以及白细胞介素-10（IL-10）和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）炎症介质的剂量，来验证提取物的愈合潜力。
植物化学研究表明，存在具有药理作用的化合物，包括儿茶素、槲皮素和小檗碱，以及 CE 和 EAF 在 10%时的低细胞毒性。经过 6 天的局部治疗，CE 和 EAF 凝胶制剂能够控制瘙痒形成过程。治疗降低了 AnxA1 的表达和 GSDM-D 免疫细胞染色的细胞数量，并增加了感染伤口中 MCP-1 的表达。
总之，这些结果表明 G. brasiliensis 叶的 CE 和 EAF 具有重要的抗炎作用和皮肤愈合潜力，即使在感染性病变中也具有治疗前景。
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