Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 752 36, Sweden.
New Phytol. 2022 Aug;235(3):1005-1017. doi: 10.1111/nph.18175. Epub 2022 May 24.
Rapid changes in climate and disturbance regimes, including droughts and hurricanes, are likely to influence tropical forests, but our understanding of the compound effects of disturbances on forest ecosystems is extremely limited. Filling this knowledge gap is necessary to elucidate the future of these ecosystems under a changing climate. We examined the relationship between hurricane response (damage, mortality, and resilience) and four hydraulic traits of 13 dominant woody species in a wet tropical forest subject to periodic hurricanes. Species with high resistance to embolisms (low P values) and higher safety margins ( ) were more resistant to immediate hurricane mortality and breakage, whereas species with higher hurricane resilience (rapid post-hurricane growth) had high capacitance and P values and low . During 26 yr of post-hurricane recovery, we found a decrease in community-weighted mean values for traits associated with greater drought resistance (leaf turgor loss point, P , ) and an increase in capacitance, which has been linked with lower drought resistance. Hurricane damage favors slow-growing, drought-tolerant species, whereas post-hurricane high resource conditions favor acquisitive, fast-growing but drought-vulnerable species, increasing forest productivity at the expense of drought tolerance and leading to higher overall forest vulnerability to drought.
气候和干扰（包括干旱和飓风）的快速变化可能会影响热带森林，但我们对干扰对森林生态系统的复合影响的理解非常有限。填补这一知识空白对于阐明在气候变化下这些生态系统的未来是必要的。我们研究了周期性飓风作用下，13 种主要木本物种的 4 种水力性状与飓风响应（损害、死亡率和恢复力）之间的关系。对栓塞具有高抗性（低 P 值）和更高安全余量（ ）的物种对飓风造成的立即死亡率和断裂更具有抗性，而具有更高飓风恢复力（飓风后快速生长）的物种则具有高电容和 P 值以及低 。在飓风后 26 年的恢复过程中，我们发现与耐旱性相关的性状（叶片膨压损失点、P、 ）的群落加权平均值下降，而电容增加，这与耐旱性降低有关。飓风破坏有利于生长缓慢、耐旱的物种，而飓风后高资源条件有利于具有攫取性、生长迅速但易受干旱影响的物种，从而以牺牲耐旱性为代价提高森林生产力，导致森林对干旱的整体脆弱性增加。
