Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya Bilim University, Dosemealti, Antalya, Turkey.
J Appl Toxicol. 2023 Feb;43(2):212-219. doi: 10.1002/jat.4353. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
Plastic waste in different environments has been constantly transforming into microplastic/nanoplastic (MNPLs). As they may coexist with other contaminants, they may behave as vectors that transport various toxic trace elements, including metals. Because the impact of exposure to such matter on health still remains elusive, the abundant presence of MNPLs has lately become a pressing environmental issue. Researchers have been utilizing Drosophila melanogaster as a dynamic in vivo model in genetic research for some time. The fly has also recently gained wider recognition in toxicology and nanogenotoxicity studies. The use of nanoparticles in numerous medical and consumer products raises serious concern, since many in vitro studies have shown their toxic potential. However, there is rather limited in vivo research into nanomaterial genotoxicity using mice or other mammalians owing to high costs and ethical concerns. In this context, Drosophila, thanks to its genetic tractability, short life span, with its entire life cycle lasting about 10 days, and distinct developmental stages, renders this organism an excellent model in testing toxic effects mediated by MNPLs. This review therefore aims to encourage research entities to employ Drosophila as a model in their nanogenotoxicity experiments focusing on impact of MNPLs at the molecular level.
塑料废弃物在不同环境中不断转化为微塑料/纳米塑料（MNPLs）。由于它们可能与其他污染物共存，因此它们可能表现为携带各种有毒微量元素（包括金属）的载体。由于暴露于此类物质对健康的影响仍然难以捉摸，MNPLs 的大量存在最近成为一个紧迫的环境问题。研究人员已经将黑腹果蝇作为遗传研究中的一种动态体内模型使用了一段时间。该昆虫在毒理学和纳米遗传毒性研究中也得到了更广泛的认可。由于许多体外研究表明纳米颗粒具有潜在毒性，因此纳米颗粒在众多医疗和消费产品中的应用引起了严重关注。然而，由于成本高和伦理问题，使用小鼠或其他哺乳动物进行纳米材料遗传毒性的体内研究相当有限。在这种情况下，黑腹果蝇由于其遗传易操作性、较短的寿命（整个生命周期约为 10 天）以及独特的发育阶段，使其成为测试 MNPLs 介导的毒性影响的理想模型。因此，本综述旨在鼓励研究机构将果蝇用作模型，开展纳米遗传毒性实验，重点研究 MNPLs 在分子水平上的影响。
