Measurements of Proton High-Order Cumulants in sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions and Implications for the QCD Critical Point.
作者信息
Abdallah M S, Aboona B E, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams J R, Adkins J K, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal M M, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson D M, Aparin A, Aschenauer E C, Ashraf M U, Atetalla F G, Attri A, Averichev G S, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap J G, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin I G, Brandenburg J D, Brandin A V, Bunzarov I, Cai X Z, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan B K, Chang F-H, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen D, Chen J, Chen J H, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford H J, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich T G, Deppner I M, Derevschikov A A, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg J L, Duckworth E, Dunlop J C, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fawzi F M, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng C J, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi C A, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad A I, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty M D, Harris J W, Harrison H, He S, He W, He X H, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang H Z, Huang S L, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Humanic T J, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs W W, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Ju X, Judd E G, Kabana S, Kabir M L, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke H W, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak Y V, Kikoła D P, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe A G, Ko H S, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski L K, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur J H, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf J M, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee J H, Leung Y H, Lewis N, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa M A, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope W J, Longacre R S, Loyd E, Lukow N S, Luo X F, Ma L, Ma R, Ma Y G, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis H S, Mazer J A, Minaev N G, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal M M, Mooney I, Morozov D A, Mukherjee A, Nagy M, Nam J D, Nasim Md, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson J M, Nemes D B, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach L V, Nonaka T, Nunes A S, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov V A, Page B S, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey A K, Panebratsev Y, Parfenov P, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pluta J, Pokhrel B R, Ponimatkin G, Porter J, Posik M, Prozorova V, Pruthi N K, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan S K, Raha N, Ray R L, Reed R, Ritter H G, Robotkova M, Rogachevskiy O V, Romero J L, Roy D, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo A K, Sahoo N R, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke W B, Schmitz N, Schweid B R, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan P V, Shao M, Shao T, Sheikh A I, Shen D Y, Shi S S, Shi Y, Shou Q Y, Sichtermann E P, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Skoby M J, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Solyst W, Song Y, Sorensen P, Spinka H M, Srivastava B, Stanislaus T D S, Stefaniak M, Stewart D J, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide A A P, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun X M, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida D N, Sweger Z W, Szymanski P, Tang A H, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas J H, Timmins A R, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel C A, Trentalange S, Tribble R E, Tribedy P, Tripathy S K, Truhlar T, Trzeciak B A, Tsai O D, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood D G, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev A N, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin S A, Wang F, Wang G, Wang J S, Wang P, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb J C, Weidenkaff P C, Wen L, Westfall G D, Wieman H, Wissink S W, Witt R, Wu J, Wu J, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao Z G, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu Q H, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang X P, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z J, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhou C, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M
机构信息
American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt.
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
出版信息
Phys Rev Lett. 2022 May 20;128(20):202303. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.202303.
We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance of rapidity (y) and transverse momentum (p_{T}) within -0.5<y<0 and 0.4<p_{T}<2.0 GeV/c. In the most central 0%-5% collisions, a proton cumulant ratio is measured to be C_{4}/C_{2}=-0.85±0.09 (stat)±0.82 (syst), which is 2σ below the Poisson baseline with respect to both the statistical and systematic uncertainties. The hadronic transport UrQMD model reproduces our C_{4}/C_{2} in the measured acceptance. Compared to higher energy results and the transport model calculations, the suppression in C_{4}/C_{2} is consistent with fluctuations driven by baryon number conservation and indicates an energy regime dominated by hadronic interactions. These data imply that the QCD critical region, if created in heavy-ion collisions, could only exist at energies higher than 3 GeV.
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