Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Neuroscience and Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Tobin Hall, 135 Hicks Way, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
Sleep Med Clin. 2022 Jun;17(2):253-262. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.03.005. Epub 2022 Apr 23.
Getting a good night's sleep seems a panacea for improving mood and cognition. These subjective impressions are supported by countless studies exploring the impacts of sleep (and sleep loss) on mental health, metabolism, and immune function. Similarly, being "out of phase" with local time, commonly experienced by shift workers of jet-lagged air travelers, demonstrates that there are both neural and physiologic effects of internal circadian (daily) time being misaligned with external environmental time. This article reviews these areas contextualized using the model of allostasis and allostatic load emphasizing the impact of this "wear and tear" on the brain and body.
获得良好的夜间睡眠似乎是改善情绪和认知的万能药。无数研究探索了睡眠（和睡眠不足）对心理健康、新陈代谢和免疫功能的影响，这些主观印象也得到了支持。同样，轮班工作者和时差旅行者常见的与当地时间不同步的“相位失调”现象表明，内部生物钟（日常）时间与外部环境时间不匹配会对神经和生理产生影响。本文使用适应和适应负荷模型综述了这些领域，强调了这种“磨损”对大脑和身体的影响。
