School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, SP, Brazil.
Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Geriatrics, Group of Investigation on Multimorbidity and Mental Health in Aging (GIMMA), Jundiaí Medical School, Rua Francisco Telle, 222 Jundiaí, SP, Brazil.
Exp Gerontol. 2022 Aug;165:111865. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111865. Epub 2022 Jun 2.
We hypothesized that factors related to malnutrition, namely low muscle mass, appetite loss, and adiposity, are associated with frailty and pre-frailty in community-dwelling older adults.
To identify the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in a Brazilian convenience sample and test the association between these conditions and malnutrition-related factors.
This is a cross-sectional analysis of an ongoing community project. We studied 106 older adults (≥60 years old). Frailty (dependent variable) was screened using the FRAIL-BR scale. The independent variables were appetite loss (AL), screened from the SNAQ questionnaire; sarcopenia risk, investigated by SARC-F; body adiposity, estimated by the body mass index (BMI); visceral adiposity, estimated by waist circumference (WC) and the combination of these two indicators. The associations were investigated using multinomial logistic regression models.
We found, from our sample, 30.2 % pre-frail and 31.1 % frail participants. The frail and pre-frail were older than the non-frail; the frail ones presented a higher proportion of sarcopenia risk and a higher proportion of AL. From the multiple regression models, frailty conditions showed significant association with the AL (OR = 0.68; p = 0.012 and OR = 0.64; p = 0.009 for pre-frail and frail, respectively) and with sarcopenia risk (OR = 3.24; p = 0.001 and OR = 5.34; p < 0.011 for pre-frail and frail respectively). The adiposity indicated by waist circumference, and age, remained in the final model only as adjusting variables but without statistical significance.
in our convenience sample of older adults, frailty and pre-frailty showed significant association with appetite loss and sarcopenia risk, but not with adiposity indicators. Future studies are needed to better understand our findings.
我们假设与营养不良相关的因素，即肌肉量低、食欲减退和肥胖，与社区居住的老年人虚弱和衰弱前期有关。
在巴西便利样本中确定虚弱和衰弱前期的患病率，并测试这些情况与与营养不良相关的因素之间的关联。
这是一项正在进行的社区项目的横断面分析。我们研究了 106 名老年人（≥60 岁）。使用 FRAIL-BR 量表筛查虚弱（因变量）。自变量为 SNAQ 问卷筛查的食欲减退（AL）；SARC-F 调查的肌少症风险；体重指数（BMI）估计的身体肥胖；腰围（WC）估计的内脏肥胖；以及这两个指标的组合。使用多项逻辑回归模型研究关联。
从我们的样本中，我们发现 30.2%的人处于衰弱前期，31.1%的人处于衰弱期。虚弱和衰弱前期的参与者比非虚弱者年龄大；虚弱者的肌少症风险比例更高，食欲减退的比例更高。从多元回归模型来看，虚弱状况与 AL 显著相关（分别为脆弱和衰弱前期的 OR=0.68；p=0.012 和 OR=0.64；p=0.009），与肌少症风险显著相关（分别为脆弱和衰弱前期的 OR=3.24；p=0.001 和 OR=5.34；p<0.011）。腰围和年龄表示的肥胖在最终模型中仅作为调整变量，但无统计学意义。
在我们的老年人便利样本中，虚弱和衰弱前期与食欲减退和肌少症风险显著相关，但与肥胖指标无关。需要进一步的研究来更好地理解我们的发现。
