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美国艾滋病患者的老龄化:2003年至2015年住院时间和合并症的变化趋势

Ageing with HIV in the United States: Changing trends in inpatient hospital stays and comorbidities, 2003-2015.

作者信息

Siddiqi Khairul A, Ostermann Jan, Zhang Jiajia, Khan M Mahmud, Olatosi Bankole

机构信息

University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.

出版信息

HIV Med. 2023 Jan;24(1):93-103. doi: 10.1111/hiv.13325. Epub 2022 Jun 8.


DOI:10.1111/hiv.13325
PMID:35674220
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: As people with HIV (PWH) age, they experience prolonged exposure to HIV and antiretroviral therapy, increased risks of developing age-related HIV-associated non-AIDS (HANA) comorbidities and higher rates of hospitalization. Few studies have explored the ageing of PWH and its impact on hospital stays in the US. This study examined trends, characteristics and comorbidities associated with hospital stays with HIV (HSWH) as compared with hospital stays without HIV (HSWOH). METHODS: Thirteen years of pooled National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data from 2003 through 2015 were analysed to describe yearly trends. Trends were evaluated for eight major HANA conditions (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, liver disease, bone loss, kidney disease, pulmonary disease and neurological disease) across four age groups (18-34, 35-49, 50-64, 65+ years). RESULTS: Although overall rates of hospitalization reduced across all age groups, the proportion of HIV-related hospitalization increased among older Americans. The average number of chronic conditions was higher for HSWH among all age groups and disproportionately increased for older PWH. Although age-adjusted rates of cardiovascular disease, cancer, bone loss and pulmonary disease were lower for HSWH relative to HSWOH, rates increased disproportionately over the study period. The prevalence of all major HANA conditions except cancer and diabetes increased among the elderly (65+), and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, cancer, bone loss, kidney disease and pulmonary disease also increased among patients aged 50-64 years. CONCLUSIONS: Higher rates of hospitalizations and HANA comorbidities were observed among older HIV patients. The ageing of PWH suggests increased future hospital resource utilization for HSWH. Appropriate training of healthcare providers is essential to managing increased comorbidity burdens of older PWH during hospital stays in the US.

摘要

引言:随着感染艾滋病毒的人(PWH)年龄增长,他们长期暴露于艾滋病毒和抗逆转录病毒治疗之下,患与年龄相关的艾滋病毒相关非艾滋病(HANA)合并症的风险增加,住院率也更高。在美国,很少有研究探讨PWH的老龄化及其对住院时间的影响。本研究比较了有艾滋病毒住院(HSWH)与无艾滋病毒住院(HSWOH)的趋势、特征和合并症。 方法:分析了2003年至2015年共13年的全国住院患者样本(NIS)数据,以描述年度趋势。评估了四个年龄组(18 - 34岁、35 - 49岁、50 - 64岁、65岁及以上)中八种主要HANA病症(心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病、肝病、骨质流失、肾病、肺病和神经疾病)的趋势。 结果:尽管所有年龄组的总体住院率都有所下降,但美国老年人中与艾滋病毒相关的住院比例有所增加。所有年龄组中,HSWH的慢性病平均数量更高,且老年PWH的这一数量增加幅度更大。尽管HSWH的心血管疾病、癌症、骨质流失和肺病的年龄调整发病率相对于HSWOH较低,但在研究期间发病率的增长幅度却更大。除癌症和糖尿病外,所有主要HANA病症在老年人(65岁及以上)中的患病率均有所上升,50 - 64岁患者中,心血管疾病、癌症、骨质流失、肾病和肺病的患病率也有所上升。 结论:在老年艾滋病毒患者中观察到更高的住院率和HANA合并症。PWH的老龄化表明未来HSWH对医院资源的利用率将增加。在美国,对医疗保健提供者进行适当培训对于管理老年PWH住院期间增加的合并症负担至关重要。

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