Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India; Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania.
Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India; Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Jul;151:113179. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113179. Epub 2022 May 27.
Owing to the challenging ethos of global healthcare system, the Alzheimer's Disease (AD) researchers are consistently striving for a suitable target for disease amelioration. Besides the neurotransmitter release by neurons, the cells release tau proteins and amyloid peptides, within the extracellular vacancies, aggregating into tangles and plaques (AD pathological hallmarks). During neuro-stimulation, release of neuromodulator noradrenaline (NA), contained in the locus coeruleus (LC), exerts a significant impact on the neurons and microglia. The production of amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins are affected by the α2A and β adrenoreceptors, parallel to influencing their clearance. The manuscript entails a detailed understanding of the LC-NA system, as a possible avenue in AD management. The authors provide a comprehensive data on AD pathology and its link with LC neuroanatomical projections, followed by the pathogenic implications of LC-NA system in AD. The data also integrates numerous studies from online databases, evidently supporting the loss of the system integrity in AD patients, and the impact of the sympathetic system on specific AD hallmarks. Thus, the objective of this review is to compile a wide compendium of studies, for the convenience of the neuro-researchers, aiding in the establishment of a suitable therapeutic regimen for AD treatment.
由于全球医疗保健系统的挑战性精神，阿尔茨海默病（AD）研究人员一直在努力寻找改善疾病的合适目标。除了神经元释放神经递质外，细胞还会在细胞外空位释放tau 蛋白和淀粉样肽，聚集形成缠结和斑块（AD 病理标志物）。在神经刺激过程中，蓝斑（LC）中包含的神经调质去甲肾上腺素（NA）的释放对神经元和小胶质细胞有重要影响。淀粉样蛋白-β（Aβ）的产生和 tau 蛋白的过度磷酸化受 α2A 和β肾上腺素受体的影响，同时影响它们的清除。本文详细了解 LC-NA 系统，作为 AD 管理的可能途径。作者提供了关于 AD 病理学及其与 LC 神经解剖投影的联系的全面数据，以及 LC-NA 系统在 AD 中的发病机制影响。该数据还整合了来自在线数据库的多项研究，显然支持 AD 患者系统完整性的丧失，以及交感神经系统对特定 AD 标志物的影响。因此，本综述的目的是汇编广泛的研究，为神经研究人员提供便利，帮助为 AD 治疗建立合适的治疗方案。
