饮食失调：自我诱导呕吐、暴食和口腔卫生行为分析。
Eating Disorders: An Analysis of Self-Induced Vomiting, Binge Eating, and Oral Hygiene Behavior.
机构信息
Department of Clinical Dentistry-Cariology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Clinical Dentistry-Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
出版信息
Int J Clin Pract. 2022 Apr 23;2022:6210372. doi: 10.1155/2022/6210372. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Self-induced vomiting (SIV) is often present in patients with eating disorders (ED) and potentially damaging for oral health. Related behaviors, such as binge eating and oral hygiene habits, may equally increase the risk for dental damage. This study aimed to investigate behaviors and habits in patients with ED and SIV in relation to oral health.
METHODS
All patients enlisting for treatment in an ED clinic for 1 year were offered to take part in the study. Fifty-four of 65 patients were accepted to participate, and a questionnaire included questions on dietary and oral hygiene habits was included. A subgroup consisting of only those 17 ED patients who reported SIV during the previous six months comprised the sample for this study and received additional questions related to other compensatory behaviors and oral hygiene habits in relation to oral health.
RESULTS
Binge eating before SIV was common (14/17 patients). Time point for SIV after binge eating and the procedures performed after vomiting varied. Tooth brushing after vomiting was common (7/17). Food and drinks during binge eating included mainly items rich in calories (sugar/fat) or acid. All 17 patients believed that vomiting could damage their teeth, but only one of them had informed the dentist about having an ED. A number of oral symptoms were reported. Ten patients considered their oral health to be good/fairly good, while the remaining seven patients reported their oral health as not so good/bad/very bad. Information on how ED could affect their teeth was commonly received from the media.
CONCLUSIONS
The dental team should be made aware of the likely detrimental effects of binge eating and vomiting on oral health in patients with eating disorders. The team should also be aware of the cyclical nature of the disease and the similarities and diversities that exist within this group of ED patients. Since ED patients hide their disease from the dental team, this stresses the importance of open and trustful communication between patients and health workers. An organized collaboration between ED clinics and dental professionals is suggested as well as a development of avenues for information about ED and oral health.
背景
自我催吐（SIV）在饮食失调（ED）患者中经常出现，并且可能对口腔健康造成损害。相关行为，如暴食和口腔卫生习惯，同样会增加牙齿损伤的风险。本研究旨在调查 ED 伴 SIV 患者的口腔健康相关行为和习惯。
方法
对在 ED 诊所接受治疗的所有患者进行了为期 1 年的研究。在 65 名患者中，有 54 名患者同意参与研究。该问卷包括饮食和口腔卫生习惯方面的问题。研究样本由仅在过去 6 个月内报告有 SIV 的 17 名 ED 患者组成，他们还收到了与其他补偿行为和口腔卫生习惯相关的口腔健康问题的附加问题。
结果
在 SIV 之前暴食很常见（17 例中有 14 例）。SIV 后暴食的时间点和呕吐后的程序各不相同。呕吐后刷牙很常见（17 例中有 7 例）。暴食时的食物和饮料主要包括富含卡路里（糖/脂肪）或酸的食物。所有 17 名患者都认为呕吐会损害牙齿，但只有一名患者向牙医报告了 ED。有一些口腔症状报告。10 名患者认为他们的口腔健康良好/相当好，而其余 7 名患者则报告他们的口腔健康不佳/差/非常差。他们通常从媒体上获得有关 ED 如何影响牙齿的信息。
结论
口腔卫生团队应意识到 ED 患者暴食和呕吐对口腔健康的潜在不良影响。团队还应意识到该疾病的周期性以及该组 ED 患者之间的相似性和多样性。由于 ED 患者对口腔卫生团队隐瞒其疾病，因此强调了患者和卫生工作者之间开放和信任的沟通的重要性。建议 ED 诊所和牙科专业人员之间建立有组织的合作关系，并为 ED 和口腔健康相关信息的发展提供途径。
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