[Description of a case of abdominal sepsis due to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans].

Desulfovibrio spp. are strict anaerobes that are ubiquitous in nature. They can reside in the human or animal gastrointestinal tract and, as they are also environmental bacteria, may be present in soil and water. They can persist asymptomatically in the intestine or behave as opportunistic pathogens associated with primary bacteremia and intraabdominal infections. Several Desulfovibrio spp. infections may be underestimated due to their slow growth rate and because many laboratories do not routinely perform anaerobic cultures. Simple tests such as motility detection on a fresh subculture, Gram stain to confirm cell morphology, presence of HS in SIM agar and production of a red fluorescence in alkaline pH under UV light would be indicative of Desulfovibrio spp. Here we report the case of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans bacteremia in a woman with clinical picture of abdominal sepsis due to gangrenous appendicitis with multiple organ failure.