Alyami Ruaa, Alshehri Fahad Ali, Al Jasser Reham, Shaheen Sameerah, Mahmood Amer, Elsafadi Mona Ahmed
Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Anatomy Department and Stem Cell Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Dent J. 2022 May;34(4):298-305. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.03.003. Epub 2022 Mar 26.
Smoking and the severity of periodontal disease have long been associated. In Saudi Arabia, tobacco smoking is rising, contributing to the increased demand for products that counter its detrimental effects. The antioxidant properties of vitamin C (vit C) make it a powerful countermeasure to tobacco toxicity. Observation of these effects on human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) would suggest use of vitamin C in future dental applications.
To examine the proliferation, adhesion, and expression of extracellular RNA in human gingival fibroblasts extracted from cigarette smokers when compared to never-smokers, in association with vitamin C.
Human gingival fibroblasts were extracted from Periodontal free sites of healthy adult male participants. Group 1; consisted of Heavy cigarette smokers (n = 1) while group 2 was never-smokers (n = 1). Collected cells were cultured and subcultured in supplemented growth medium. Vitamin C was then induced in the medium at the experimental sixth passage. RNA expression analysis using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze the adhesion, proliferation, and extracellular matrix expression.
Expression of the adhesion gene () in the smoker group was significantly downregulated than never-smoker group (p-value = 0.024). After the induction of vitamin C, the smoker samples showed a significant improvement in their gene expression levels. The extracellular genes involved in this study (, , and ) were significantly affected by the smoking status. In addition, the proliferation of and genes in smokers and never-smokers was increased.
Cigarette smoking affects the overall properties of human gingival fibroblasts' adhesion, proliferation, and extra-cellular matrix formation. Furthermore, the addition of vitamin C affects these cellular properties in a positive manner.
吸烟与牙周疾病的严重程度长期以来一直存在关联。在沙特阿拉伯，吸烟率正在上升，这导致对抵消其有害影响的产品的需求增加。维生素C（维C）的抗氧化特性使其成为对抗烟草毒性的有力对策。观察这些对人牙龈成纤维细胞（hGFs）的影响将提示维C在未来牙科应用中的用途。
与从不吸烟者相比，研究从吸烟者中提取的人牙龈成纤维细胞中细胞外RNA的增殖、黏附及表达情况，并探究维生素C的影响。
从健康成年男性参与者的牙周无病变部位提取人牙龈成纤维细胞。第1组由重度吸烟者（n = 1）组成，而第2组为从不吸烟者（n = 1）。收集的细胞在补充生长培养基中进行培养和传代培养。然后在实验第6代时在培养基中加入维生素C。使用定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应进行RNA表达分析，以分析黏附、增殖和细胞外基质表达。
吸烟者组中黏附基因（）的表达比从不吸烟者组显著下调（p值 = 0.024）。加入维生素C后，吸烟者样本的基因表达水平有显著改善。本研究中涉及的细胞外基因（、和）受吸烟状况的显著影响。此外，吸烟者和从不吸烟者中及基因的增殖均增加。
吸烟会影响人牙龈成纤维细胞的黏附、增殖和细胞外基质形成的整体特性。此外，添加维生素C会以积极方式影响这些细胞特性。
