Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
Appetite. 2022 Sep 1;176:106136. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106136. Epub 2022 Jun 11.
The rapidly increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has heightened the need for a better understanding of obesity-related eating patterns and dietary behaviours. Recent work suggests that distracted eating is causally related to increased immediate and later food, pushing the need for a better understanding of the prevalence of distracted consumption and how this relates to body weight. To extract insights in the relationship between demographics, daily consumption settings, and BMI, we performed secondary data analyses on data from 1011 individuals representative of the Dutch population (adults, 507F, BMI 17-50 kg/m). The most commonly reported distractions were talking to others (32.7%) and watching television (21.7%). Only 18.4% of respondents reported no distractions during meals. To examine how different distractions related to BMI, we performed OLS regression which showed, among other things, that watching tv while eating lunch (η = 0.37) and working during dinner were associated with a higher BMI (η = 1.63). To examine the robustness of these findings, machine learning techniques were used. A random forest analysis (RMSE = 4.09) showed that next to age and education level, distraction during lunch and snack was amongst the largest predictors of BMI. Multiple linear regression with lasso penalty (RMSE = 4.13) showed that specifically watching tv while eating lunch or snacks was associated with a higher BMI. In conclusion, our analyses confirmed the assumption that people are regularly distracted during their daily meals, with distinct distractors relating to BMI. These findings provide a starting point for evidence-based recommendations on which consumption settings are associated with healthier eating patterns and body weight.
超重和肥胖的患病率迅速上升，这使得人们更加需要深入了解与肥胖相关的饮食模式和行为。最近的研究表明，分心进食与即时和之后食物摄入量的增加有关，这促使我们更好地了解分心消费的普遍性以及它与体重的关系。为了深入了解人口统计学特征、日常消费环境与 BMI 之间的关系，我们对 1011 名具有代表性的荷兰人口（成年人，507 名女性，BMI 为 17-50kg/m²）的数据进行了二次数据分析。受访者报告的最常见干扰因素是与他人交谈（32.7%）和看电视（21.7%）。只有 18.4%的受访者表示在用餐时没有受到干扰。为了研究不同的干扰因素与 BMI 的关系，我们进行了 OLS 回归分析，结果表明，边吃午餐边看电视（η=0.37）和边吃晚餐边工作（η=1.63）与 BMI 较高有关。为了检验这些发现的稳健性，我们使用了机器学习技术。随机森林分析（RMSE=4.09）表明，除了年龄和教育水平外，午餐和零食时的分心也是 BMI 的最大预测因素之一。带有 LASSO 惩罚的多元线性回归（RMSE=4.13）表明，边吃午餐或零食边看电视与 BMI 较高有关。总之，我们的分析证实了人们在日常用餐时经常分心的假设，不同的干扰因素与 BMI 有关。这些发现为基于证据的建议提供了起点，这些建议涉及哪些消费环境与更健康的饮食模式和体重有关。
