Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Public Health, and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Aug;241:113776. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113776. Epub 2022 Jun 20.
Non-Hispanic Asians (NHA) in USA have been reported with higher arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and their specific species levels, comparing with non-NHA. This study aimed to investigate the associations of these metal/metalloid levels with blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension among general NHA using the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey (NHANES) data.
The study included participants aged 20 years and older with determinations of As, Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), Pb, Cd, Hg and methyl-Hg (MeHg) in blood (n = 10, 177) and urine (n = 5, 175). These metals/metalloid levels were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels were examined through a standardized protocol. Censored normal regression model and logistic regression model were employed to explore the associations of As, DMA, Pb, Cd, Hg and MeHg levels with blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension respectively, and potential confounders were adjusted in these regression models. Quantile-based g-computation approach was used to analysis joint effect of metals mixture on blood pressure level and hypertension.
For NHA, urinary As and Hg levels were associated with increased DBP level; Higher blood Hg and MeHg levels were related to increased blood pressure levels and hypertension; However, negative association was observed between urinary Cd and SBP level; Blood metals mixture (including blood Pb, Cd and Hg) was associated with increased DBP level, but not for hypertension. For non-NHA, urinary As and DMA levels were associated with increased SBP level, but not DBP level and prevalence of hypertension; Urinary Pb level was associated with decreased DBP level; Nevertheless, positive associations were observed between blood Pb levels and SBP and prevalence of hypertension; Blood Hg level was associated with decreased DBP level and prevalence of hypertension; Furthermore, blood MeHg level was associated with decreased DBP level; Positive association was observed between blood metals mixture and increased SBP level among non-NHA.
Highly exposed to Hg level among NHA was associated with increased blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension. Urinary As level was associated with increased DBP level among NHA. Furthermore, blood metals mixture was related to increased DBP level among NHA. Further prospective studies with larger sample size should be performed to warrant the results.
与非西班牙裔美国人（NHA）相比，美国的非 Hispanic 亚洲人（NHA）血液中砷（As）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）及其特定物种的水平更高。本研究旨在利用 2011-2018 年全国健康和营养调查（NHANES）的数据，调查这些金属/类金属水平与 NHA 人群血压水平和高血压患病率之间的关系。
本研究纳入了年龄在 20 岁及以上、血液中检测到 As、二甲基砷酸（DMA）、Pb、Cd、Hg 和甲基汞（MeHg）（n=10177）以及尿液中检测到上述金属/类金属（n=5175）的参与者。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定这些金属/类金属水平。通过标准化方案检查收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）水平。在这些回归模型中调整了潜在的混杂因素，采用censored 正态回归模型和逻辑回归模型分别探讨 As、DMA、Pb、Cd、Hg 和 MeHg 水平与血压水平和高血压患病率的关系。采用基于分位数的 g 计算方法分析金属混合物对血压水平和高血压的联合效应。
对于 NHA，尿砷和汞水平与 DBP 水平升高有关；较高的血汞和甲基汞水平与血压水平升高和高血压有关；然而，尿镉与 SBP 水平呈负相关；血液金属混合物（包括血 Pb、Cd 和 Hg）与 DBP 水平升高有关，但与高血压无关。对于非 NHA，尿 As 和 DMA 水平与 SBP 水平升高有关，但与 DBP 水平和高血压患病率无关；尿 Pb 水平与 DBP 水平降低有关；然而，血 Pb 水平与 SBP 和高血压患病率呈正相关；血 Hg 水平与 DBP 水平和高血压患病率降低有关；此外，血 MeHg 水平与 DBP 水平降低有关；非 NHA 人群中，血液金属混合物与 SBP 水平升高呈正相关。
NHA 人群中 Hg 水平高度暴露与血压水平升高和高血压患病率升高有关。NHA 人群中尿 As 水平与 DBP 水平升高有关。此外，血液金属混合物与 NHA 人群 DBP 水平升高有关。需要进一步开展更大样本量的前瞻性研究来证实这些结果。
