State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
Waste Manag. 2022 Jul 15;149:248-258. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.06.028. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
Composting is an effective way to prevent and control the spread of pathogenic microorganisms which could put potential risk to humans and environment, from rural solid waste, especially sewage sludge and food waste. In the study, we aim to analyze the changes of pathogenic bacteria during the co-composting of rural sewage sludge and food waste. The results showed that only 27 pathogenic bacteria were detected after composting, compared to 50 pathogenic bacteria in the raw mixed pile. About 74% of pathogen concentrations dropped below 1000 copies/g after composting. Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Paenibacillus and Comamonas were the core pathogenic bacteria in the compost, of which concentrations were all significantly lower than that in the raw mixed pile at the end of composting. The concentration of Lactobacillus decreased to 3.03 × 10 copies/g compared to 0 d with 1.25 × 10 copies/g by the end of the composting, while that of Bacillus, Paenibacillus and Comamonas decreased to 2.77 × 10 copies/g, 2.13 × 10 copies/g and 3.38 × 10 copies/g, respectively, with 1.26 × 10 copies/g, 4.71 × 10 copies/g, 1.69 × 10 copies/g on 0 d. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that physicochemical factors and substances could affect the changes of pathogenic bacteria during composting, while temperature was the key influencing factor. In addition, certain potential pathogenic bacteria, such as Bacteroides-Bifidobacterium, show statistically strong and significant co-occurrence during composting, which may increase the risk of multiple infections and also influence their distribution. These findings provide a theoretical reference for biosafety prevention and control in the treatment and disposal of rural solid waste.
堆肥是一种有效防止和控制农村固体废物（尤其是污水污泥和食物垃圾）中潜在致病微生物传播的方法，这些微生物可能会对人类和环境造成风险。在这项研究中，我们旨在分析农村污水污泥和食物垃圾共堆肥过程中致病菌的变化。结果表明，堆肥后仅检测到 27 种致病菌，而原始混合堆中则有 50 种致病菌。约 74%的病原体浓度在堆肥后降至 1000 拷贝/g 以下。堆肥过程中，乳杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属、类芽孢杆菌属和贪噬菌属是核心致病菌，其浓度均显著低于堆肥结束时原始混合堆中的浓度。堆肥结束时，乳杆菌属的浓度从 0 d 的 0 下降到 3.03×10 拷贝/g，而芽孢杆菌属、类芽孢杆菌属和贪噬菌属的浓度分别下降到 2.77×10 拷贝/g、2.13×10 拷贝/g 和 3.38×10 拷贝/g，0 d 时分别为 1.26×10 拷贝/g、4.71×10 拷贝/g 和 1.69×10 拷贝/g。冗余分析（RDA）表明，理化因素和物质可能会影响堆肥过程中致病菌的变化，而温度是关键影响因素。此外，某些潜在的致病菌，如拟杆菌属-双歧杆菌属，在堆肥过程中表现出统计学上强且显著的共现，这可能会增加多重感染的风险，也会影响它们的分布。这些发现为农村固体废物处理处置中的生物安全防控提供了理论参考。
