Troci Alba, Rausch Philipp, Waschina Silvio, Lieb Wolfgang, Franke Andre, Bang Corinna
Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Dec;67(24):e2101098. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202101098. Epub 2022 Jul 5.
The gut microbiome regulates various metabolic pathways in the host and its dysbiosis is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. One of the major factors triggering gut microbiome establishment is diet. This study aims to unravel interactions and changes between diet and gut microbiome over a period of 3 years.
This study investigates the relation between diet and the microbiome of 75 individuals over a 3-year time period. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing is performed to profile gut microbial composition and function. This study shows that there are significant changes in gut microbiome taxonomy and functional composition between two time points. Whereas microbial taxonomy is found to be highly individualized, overall microbial functions stay relatively stable. Moreover, in silico metabolic modeling of microbial communities indicates that changes in dietary intake of medium-chain saturated fatty acids is accompanied by an altered utilization of amino acids by the gut microbiome.
The study design allows us to validate functional stability within the gut microbiome of healthy subjects over a 3-year period. However, enduring changes in nutrition such as increased alcohol consumption or decreased intake of vegetables come along with enhanced microbial functions that are associated with disease etiology.
肠道微生物群调节宿主中的各种代谢途径，其失调与多种疾病的发病机制有关。引发肠道微生物群建立的主要因素之一是饮食。本研究旨在揭示3年期间饮食与肠道微生物群之间的相互作用和变化。
本研究在3年时间内调查了75名个体的饮食与微生物群之间的关系。采用鸟枪法宏基因组测序对肠道微生物组成和功能进行分析。本研究表明，两个时间点之间肠道微生物群的分类学和功能组成存在显著变化。虽然微生物分类学具有高度个体性，但整体微生物功能相对稳定。此外，微生物群落的计算机代谢模型表明，中链饱和脂肪酸饮食摄入量的变化伴随着肠道微生物群对氨基酸利用的改变。
该研究设计使我们能够验证健康受试者肠道微生物群在3年期间的功能稳定性。然而，诸如饮酒量增加或蔬菜摄入量减少等持续的营养变化伴随着与疾病病因相关的微生物功能增强。
