Ekanem Uduak-Obong I, Olewnik Łukasz, Porzionato Andrea, Macchi Veronica, Iwanaga Joe, Loukas Marios, Dumont Aaron S, Caro Raffaele De, Tubbs R Shane
Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Anat Cell Biol. 2022 Jun 30;55(2):135-141. doi: 10.5115/acb.22.023.
Although adequate venous drainage from the cranium is imperative for maintaining normal intracranial pressure, the bony anatomy surrounding the inferior petrosal sinus and the potential for a compressive canal or tunnel has, to our knowledge, not been previously investigated. One hundred adult human skulls (200 sides) were observed and documented for the presence or absence of an inferior petrosal groove or canal. Measurements were made and a classification developed to help better understand their anatomy and discuss it in future reports. We identified an inferior petrosal sinus groove (IPSG) in the majority of specimens. The IPSG began anteriorly where the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone articulated with the sphenoid part of the clivus, traveled posteriorly, in a slight medial to lateral course, primarily just medial to the petro-occipital fissure, and ended at the anteromedial aspect of the jugular foramen. When the IPSGs were grouped into five types. In type I specimens, no IPSG was identified (10.0%), in type II specimens, a partial IPSG was identified (6.5%), in type III specimens, a complete IPSG (80.0%) was identified, in type IV specimens, a partial IPS tunnel was identified (2.5%), and in type V specimens, a complete tunnel (1.0%) was identified. An improved knowledge of the bony pathways that the intracranial dural venous sinuses take as they exit the cranium is clinically useful. Radiological interpretation of such bony landmarks might improve patient diagnoses and surgically, such anatomy could decrease patient morbidity during approaches to the posterior cranial fossa.
尽管颅骨有充足的静脉引流对于维持正常颅内压至关重要，但据我们所知，岩下窦周围的骨质解剖结构以及存在受压管或隧道的可能性此前尚未得到研究。观察并记录了100个成人颅骨（200侧）是否存在岩下沟或管。进行了测量并制定了分类方法，以帮助更好地了解其解剖结构，并在未来的报告中进行讨论。我们在大多数标本中发现了岩下窦沟（IPSG）。IPSG始于颞骨岩部尖端与斜坡蝶骨部相接处的前方，向后走行，略呈从内侧到外侧的方向，主要位于岩枕裂内侧，止于颈静脉孔的前内侧。当将IPSG分为五种类型时。在I型标本中，未发现IPSG（10.0%），在II型标本中，发现部分IPSG（6.5%），在III型标本中，发现完整的IPSG（80.0%），在IV型标本中，发现部分IP隧道（2.5%），在V型标本中，发现完整的隧道（1.0%）。更好地了解颅内硬脑膜静脉窦穿出颅骨时的骨质路径在临床上是有用的。对这些骨质标志的影像学解读可能会改善患者的诊断，并且在手术方面，这样的解剖结构可以降低后颅窝手术时患者的发病率。
