Lundin Gurné Frida, Jakobsson Sofie, Lidén Eva, Björkman Ida
Institute of Health and Care Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2023 Mar;37(1):153-162. doi: 10.1111/scs.13100. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
Health promotion and disease prevention are of utmost importance for sustainable health care and primary health care. District nurses play a key role in primary health care centres, where they meet people suffering from, and/or having risk factors for, non-communicable diseases.
The study aim was to describe district nurses' perspectives on their health-promotive/disease-preventive work at primary health care centres.
Interviews were conducted with 16 district nurses at primary health care centres in Sweden. An interpretive descriptive approach was employed for the analysis.
The district nurses integrated a focus on health-promotive and disease-preventive work into every patient encounter, which manifested through four intertwined themes: finding opportunities and striving for visibility; building relationships; considering patients' life situations; and inviting patients to share responsibility. Our findings show how, through a flexible approach, the district nurses strived for equal health and care for all, and how the care was built on a shared responsibility between the district nurse and patient, where district nurses aimed to empower patients to take action for their own health.
The district nurses described health-promotive endeavours, in line with person-centred care in prioritising building relationships with patients, starting from their lived experience. They spoke of barriers, at both micro and macro levels, to health-promotive/disease-preventive work. These included language barriers, the impact of the media, and the overall organisation of primary health care. The work at primary health care centres should be restructured to clarify the district nurse's role, and to strengthen community outreach, and thereby improve individuals' access to support in lifestyle changes.
健康促进和疾病预防对于可持续医疗保健和初级卫生保健至关重要。地区护士在初级卫生保健中心发挥着关键作用，在这些中心，他们接触到患有非传染性疾病和/或有非传染性疾病风险因素的人群。
本研究旨在描述地区护士对其在初级卫生保健中心开展的健康促进/疾病预防工作的看法。
对瑞典初级卫生保健中心的16名地区护士进行了访谈。采用解释性描述方法进行分析。
地区护士将对健康促进和疾病预防工作的关注融入到每次与患者的接触中，这通过四个相互交织的主题得以体现：寻找机会并努力提高知名度；建立关系；考虑患者的生活状况；邀请患者分担责任。我们的研究结果表明，地区护士如何通过灵活的方法，努力实现所有人的平等健康和护理，以及护理如何建立在地区护士和患者之间的共同责任基础上，地区护士旨在增强患者为自身健康采取行动的能力。
地区护士描述了与以患者为中心的护理相一致的健康促进努力，即在优先与患者建立关系时，从他们的生活经历出发。他们谈到了健康促进/疾病预防工作在微观和宏观层面上的障碍。这些障碍包括语言障碍、媒体的影响以及初级卫生保健的整体组织。初级卫生保健中心的工作应进行重组，以明确地区护士的角色，加强社区外展，从而改善个人在生活方式改变方面获得支持的机会。
