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两个基因家族的联合表达降低了栽培烟草中的尼古丁含量至超低水平。

Combined reduced expression of two gene families lowers nicotine content to ultra-low levels in cultivated tobacco.

机构信息

Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7620, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.

出版信息

Plant Cell Rep. 2022 Sep;41(9):1853-1862. doi: 10.1007/s00299-022-02895-6. Epub 2022 Jul 2.

Abstract

Reduced expression of two gene families results in ultra-low nicotine accumulation in Nicotiana tabacum. The potential for mandated lowering of tobacco cigarette filler nicotine levels to below 0.4 mg g is currently being discussed by regulatory and public health organizations. Commercial tobacco cultivars that would routinely meet this proposed standard do not currently exist. Inactivation or silencing of gene families corresponding to single enzymatic steps in the nicotine biosynthetic pathways have not resulted in tobacco genotypes that would meet this standard under conventional agronomic management. Here, we produced and evaluated under field conditions tobacco genotypes expressing an RNAi construct designed to reduce expression of the Methyl Putrescine Oxidase (MPO) gene family associated with nicotine biosynthesis. In a standard flue-cured genetic background, cured leaf nicotine levels were reduced to only 1.08 to 1.65 mg g. When MPO RNAi was combined with reduced Berberine Bridge Like (BBL) activity conferred by induced mutations, genotypes producing cured leaf nicotine levels slightly lower than 0.4 mg g were generated. Past research has suggested that MPO activity may contribute to the biosynthesis of nornicotine in a route that does not involve nicotine. However, nornicotine was not reduced to zero in MPO-silenced plants that were also homozygous for induced mutations in known Nicotine Demethylase genes that are responsible for the vast majority of nornicotine accumulation.

摘要

两个基因家族表达水平降低导致烟草中尼古丁含量极低。目前,监管机构和公共卫生组织正在讨论是否有必要将烟草卷烟填充尼古丁含量降低到 0.4mg/g 以下。目前还没有常规满足这一标准的商业烟草品种。在尼古丁生物合成途径中,单个酶步骤对应的基因家族的失活或沉默,并没有导致在常规农业管理下能够满足这一标准的烟草基因型。在这里,我们在田间条件下生产和评估了表达 RNAi 构建体的烟草基因型,该构建体旨在降低与尼古丁生物合成相关的 Methyl Putrescine Oxidase(MPO)基因家族的表达。在标准的烤烟遗传背景下,处理后的烟叶尼古丁含量降低到 1.08 至 1.65mg/g。当 MPO RNAi 与诱导突变赋予的降低的 Berberine Bridge Like(BBL)活性结合使用时,产生了处理后的烟叶尼古丁含量略低于 0.4mg/g 的基因型。过去的研究表明,MPO 活性可能通过不涉及尼古丁的途径参与了假木贼碱的生物合成。然而,在 MPO 沉默的植物中,假木贼碱并没有降低到零,这些植物也是负责假木贼碱积累的大多数已知尼古丁去甲基酶基因的诱导突变纯合子。

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