Boukouvala Maria C, Kavallieratos Nickolas G, Nika Erifili P
Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Dec;29(56):84256-84267. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-21342-3. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
Etofenprox is a novel pyrethroid insecticide that targets the nervous system of insects by affecting the function of the sodium channel. The current study examines the insecticidal activity of etofenprox against Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae, Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) adults, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults, and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) adults and larvae on different grain commodities. For this purpose, etofenprox was applied on barley, maize, oats, rice, and wheat at 0.1, 1, 5, and 10 ppm. Mortality levels were recorded after 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure. For E. kuehniella larvae, 10 ppm applied on whole rice killed 96.1% of the exposed individuals after 21 days of exposure. The application of etofenprox on oats at 5 ppm caused the death of 98.3% of the exposed R. dominica adults. Complete mortality was observed for R. dominica adults 21 days post-exposure to oats and whole rice treated with 10 ppm etofenprox. The highest concentration applied on barley caused 95.0% mortality to S. oryzae adults, while the same concentration on maize killed 76.8% of T. confusum adults after 21 days of exposure. Larvae of T. confusum exhibited high mortality levels reaching 99.4% after 21 days of exposure to barley treated with 10 ppm etofenprox. Progeny production of parental R. dominica adults was almost suppressed on all commodities treated with 5 ppm etofenprox. The offspring emergence of S. oryzae ranged between 4.4 and 24.6 adults per vial at 10 ppm. No T. confusum progeny was produced at 10 ppm etofenprox. Our results document that etofenprox is highly effective as grain protectant against several insect species, their developmental stages and their progeny production, but its performance depends on the type of the commodity that it is applied on.
乙虫腈是一种新型拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂，通过影响钠通道功能来靶向昆虫的神经系统。本研究考察了乙虫腈对不同谷物商品上的地中海粉螟（鳞翅目：螟蛾科）幼虫、谷蠹（鞘翅目：长蠹科）成虫、米象（鞘翅目：象甲科）成虫以及杂拟谷盗（鞘翅目：拟步甲科）成虫和幼虫的杀虫活性。为此，将乙虫腈以0.1、1、5和10 ppm的浓度施用于大麦、玉米、燕麦、水稻和小麦上。在暴露7、14和21天后记录死亡率。对于地中海粉螟幼虫，在整粒水稻上施用10 ppm乙虫腈，暴露21天后杀死了96.1%的受试个体。在燕麦上施用5 ppm乙虫腈导致98.3%的受试谷蠹成虫死亡。在暴露于用10 ppm乙虫腈处理的燕麦和整粒水稻21天后，观察到谷蠹成虫全部死亡。施用于大麦上的最高浓度对米象成虫造成了95.0%的死亡率，而在玉米上施用相同浓度，暴露21天后杀死了76.8%的杂拟谷盗成虫。暴露于用10 ppm乙虫腈处理的大麦21天后，杂拟谷盗幼虫的死亡率很高，达到99.4%。在用5 ppm乙虫腈处理的所有商品上，亲代谷蠹成虫的子代产量几乎被抑制。在10 ppm时，米象的子代羽化数量为每管4.4至24.6只成虫。在10 ppm乙虫腈处理下未产生杂拟谷盗子代。我们的结果表明，乙虫腈作为谷物保护剂对多种昆虫物种、其发育阶段及其子代产量具有高效性，但其性能取决于所施用的商品类型。
