Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Herbarium,Faculty of pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2021 Dec 31;63(6):932-940. doi: 10.3897/folmed.63.e56840.
Medicinal plants have long been of great interest to scientists in the search for the best treatment of diseases, especially the infectious diseases. In recent years, the use of herbal medicines has become more well-known because of their antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-cancer and less side effects.
The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and antifungal effects of Urtica dioica, Equisetum arvense, and Punica Granatum peel extracts on two common oral microorganisms, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans.
The study investigated the hydro-alcoholic extract of the plants. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated using the method of measuring the inhibition of microorganisms, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using different concentrations of the extracts and also biofilm assay and SEM were determined. Also cell viability was assessed by MTT assay on human gingival fibroblast cells.
The lowest MIC against S. mutants and C. albicans was related to the hydro-alcoholic extract of U. dioica. There was a significant reduction in the microbial biofilms by all three extracts. Among them, U. dioica could decrease the biofilms of S. mutans and C. albicans more than other extracts. In addition, the best results for growth inhibition zone were the hydro-alcoholic extracts of E. arvense and U. dioica with 35 and 30 mm growth zone, respectively. The results of SEM showed that P. granatum peel, U. dioica and E. arvense could destroy microbial biofilms without exerting any cytotoxic effects on HGF cell.
The results of the study suggest that U. dioica, E. arvense, and P. Granatum peel extracts can be used as mouthwash with the least significant difference with routine mouthwashes. Also, the plant-based mouthwashes may be more suitable substitutes for chemical types in the future.
药用植物一直以来都受到科学家的极大关注，他们一直在寻找治疗疾病的最佳方法，尤其是传染病。近年来，由于草药具有抗菌、抗真菌、抗癌和副作用小等特点，其使用越来越受到人们的认可。
本研究旨在探讨荨麻、问荆和石榴皮提取物对两种常见口腔微生物——变形链球菌和白色念珠菌的抗菌和抗真菌作用。
研究了植物的水醇提取物。采用测量微生物抑制的方法评价提取物的抗菌活性，用不同浓度的提取物测定最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC），并进行生物膜试验和 SEM 检测。还用人牙龈成纤维细胞（HGF）的 MTT 试验评估细胞活力。
对 S. mutants 和 C. albicans 的最低 MIC 与荨麻的水醇提取物有关。三种提取物均可显著减少微生物生物膜。其中，荨麻对 S. mutans 和 C. albicans 的生物膜减少作用大于其他提取物。此外，E. arvense 和 U. dioica 的水醇提取物对生长抑制带的效果最好，分别为 35 和 30mm 的生长抑制带。SEM 结果表明，石榴皮、荨麻和问荆可以破坏微生物生物膜，而对 HGF 细胞没有任何细胞毒性作用。
研究结果表明，荨麻、问荆和石榴皮提取物可用作漱口水，与常规漱口水相比差异最小。此外，植物漱口水可能是未来化学漱口水的更合适替代品。
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