Department of Neurobiology and Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Department of Neurobiology and Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2022 Oct;45(10):749-762. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.06.008. Epub 2022 Jul 16.
The ability to behave in ways that benefit other individuals' well-being is among the most celebrated human characteristics crucial for social cohesiveness. Across mammalian species, animals display various forms of prosocial behaviors - comforting, helping, and resource sharing - to support others' emotions, goals, and/or material needs. In this review, we provide a cross-species view of the behavioral manifestations, proximate and ultimate drives, and neural mechanisms of prosocial behaviors. We summarize key findings from recent studies in humans and rodents that have shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying different processes essential for prosocial interactions, from perception and empathic sharing of others' states to prosocial decisions and actions.
表现出有益于他人福祉的行为方式的能力是人类最具代表性的特征之一，对社会凝聚力至关重要。在哺乳动物中，动物表现出各种形式的亲社会行为——安慰、帮助和资源共享——以支持他人的情感、目标和/或物质需求。在这篇综述中，我们提供了一个跨物种的视角，探讨了亲社会行为的行为表现、近因和终极驱动力以及神经机制。我们总结了最近在人类和啮齿动物中进行的研究的关键发现，这些研究揭示了亲社会互动的不同过程的神经机制，从对他人状态的感知和共情分享到亲社会决策和行动。
