Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China.
Guangdong Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, 510316, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Dec;29(59):89698-89711. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22014-y. Epub 2022 Jul 20.
To investigate the effects of plastic film mulches and their residual films after use on soil bacterial communities, mulching experiment and the subsequent residual film experiment were conducted on winter-planting potato field in two locations. During mulching experiment, treatments biodegradable film mulch (BM) and PE film mulch (PM) reduced soil nutrient regarding available nitrogen and available potassium, as well as microbial biomass carbon (MBC), but increased urease activity, as compared to treatment no film mulch (NM). Soil moisture was significantly elevated by mulching practices and correlated with more microbial phyla than the other tested soil properties, indicating its important role in shaping soil bacterial communities. In addition, mulching practices increased alpha diversity of soil bacteria, although location heterogeneity was observed. Network analyses showed that both treatments BM and PM promoted the interrelations within bacterial communities and harbored more keystone taxa than treatment NM. During residual film experiment, residual films from BM and PM were incorporated into soil after harvest of potato. Treatment residual biodegradable film (RBF) significantly increased the content of MBC and activity of β-glucosidase (BG) as compared to treatments residual PE film (RPF) and no residual film (NRF), and BG had the most correlations with microbial phyla among all the tested soil properties. Treatments RBF and RPF increased the relative abundance of some dominant bacterial phyla, including Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Chlorofexi, and enhanced the interrelations within bacterial community, whereas more keystone taxa were harbored by treatment RBF, due to the increase of keystone taxa in phyla Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria. These results indicate that the indirect effects of biodegradable and PE film mulch as a soil surface barrier on soil are similar, whereas their direct effects via incorporation into soil as residual films show specificity.
为了研究塑料薄膜覆盖及其使用后的残膜对土壤细菌群落的影响，在两个地点的冬植马铃薯田进行了覆盖实验和随后的残膜实验。在覆盖实验中，与不覆盖处理（NM）相比，可生物降解膜覆盖（BM）和聚乙烯膜覆盖（PM）处理降低了土壤有效氮和有效钾以及微生物生物量碳（MBC），但增加了脲酶活性。覆盖措施显著提高了土壤水分，与其他测试的土壤特性相比，土壤水分与更多的微生物门相关，表明其在塑造土壤细菌群落方面的重要作用。此外，覆盖措施增加了土壤细菌的α多样性，尽管存在位置异质性。网络分析表明，BM 和 PM 两种处理都促进了细菌群落内部的相互关系，并比 NM 处理含有更多的关键类群。在残膜实验中，马铃薯收获后将 BM 和 PM 的残膜纳入土壤。与处理残留聚乙烯膜（RPF）和无残留膜（NRF）相比，处理残留可生物降解膜（RBF）显著增加了 MBC 的含量和β-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）的活性，而 BG 与所有测试的土壤特性中微生物门的相关性最大。处理 RBF 和 RPF 增加了一些优势细菌门的相对丰度，包括拟杆菌门、放线菌门和绿弯菌门，并增强了细菌群落内部的相互关系，而处理 RBF 含有更多的关键类群，因为酸杆菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门的关键类群增加。这些结果表明，可生物降解膜和聚乙烯膜作为土壤表面屏障对土壤的间接影响相似，而它们作为残膜掺入土壤的直接影响则具有特异性。
