Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Tratamiento del dolor, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Servicio de Traumatología y Cirugía Ortopédica, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed). 2022 Aug-Sep;69(7):411-420. doi: 10.1016/j.redare.2022.07.002. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
Total knee arthroplasty is one of the most frequently performed orthopaedic surgeries. However, up to 20% of patients develop persistent postoperative pain. Persistent postoperative pain may be an extension of acute postoperative pain, but can also occur after more than 3 months without symptoms. Risk factors associated with persistent postoperative pain after arthroplasty have now been characterised within the patient's perioperative context (preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative), and can be grouped under genetic, demographic, clinical, surgical, analgesic, inflammatory and psychological factors. Identification and prevention of persistent postoperative pain through a multimodal and biopsychosocial approach is essential in the context of perioperative medicine, and has been shown to prevent or ameliorate postoperative pain.
全膝关节置换术是最常进行的矫形外科手术之一。然而，多达 20%的患者会出现持续的术后疼痛。持续性术后疼痛可能是急性术后疼痛的延续，但也可能在术后 3 个月以上无任何症状时发生。与关节置换术后持续性疼痛相关的危险因素已在患者围手术期（术前、术中、术后）环境中得到描述，并可分为遗传、人口统计学、临床、手术、镇痛、炎症和心理因素。在围手术期医学背景下，通过多模式和生物心理社会方法来识别和预防持续性术后疼痛至关重要，因为它已被证明可以预防或改善术后疼痛。
