1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China. China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China.
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China..
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2022 Feb 28;68(2):203-207. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2022.68.2.29.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common cause of bacterial infections of the respiratory system, middle ear infection, bacteremia, meningitis, and pneumonia, especially in children. Due to the lack of information about the frequency and resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to antibiotics, the present study was performed to determine the frequency of carriers of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its microbial resistance in children. For this purpose, the current descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from November to March 2020 on 554 children aged 2-12 years in kindergartens and schools. This study collected samples with a sterile swab from the nasopharyngeal region, transported them to the laboratory by a transport medium, and then cultured them on an agar culture medium. After isolation, confirmatory tests and antibiotic susceptibility were performed. The results were analyzed using SPSS16 software and interpreted according to Mann Whitney U and Chi-Square Tests. Streptococcus pneumoniaewas found in 15% of samples, and the antibiotic resistance of the isolates to the antibiotics azithromycin, amoxicillin, rifampicin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, and ceftriaxone were 63.9%, 56.6%, 41%, 37.3%, 37.3%, and 3.6%, respectively. Also, 31.1% of the isolates were not resistant to any antibiotics. According to the results, excessive use of antibiotics has led to high resistance to azithromycin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, which indicates an increased risk of refractory infectious diseases. For this reason, it is necessary to adequately educate physicians and the general public about the overuse of antibiotics.
肺炎链球菌是引起呼吸系统感染、中耳感染、菌血症、脑膜炎和肺炎的常见病原体，尤其是在儿童中。由于缺乏关于肺炎链球菌对抗生素的频率和耐药性的信息，因此进行了本研究，以确定儿童中肺炎链球菌携带者的频率及其微生物耐药性。为此，本研究于 2020 年 11 月至 3 月对幼儿园和学校的 554 名 2-12 岁儿童进行了一项描述性横断面研究。本研究使用无菌拭子从鼻咽部采集样本，通过运输培养基将其运送到实验室，然后在琼脂培养基上进行培养。分离后，进行确证试验和抗生素敏感性试验。使用 SPSS16 软件对结果进行分析，并根据 Mann Whitney U 和 Chi-Square 检验进行解释。在 15%的样本中发现了肺炎链球菌，分离株对阿奇霉素、阿莫西林、利福平、阿莫西林克拉维酸、复方磺胺甲噁唑和头孢曲松的抗生素耐药率分别为 63.9%、56.6%、41%、37.3%、37.3%和 3.6%。此外，31.1%的分离株对任何抗生素均无耐药性。结果表明，抗生素的过度使用导致了对阿奇霉素、阿莫西林、阿莫西林克拉维酸和复方磺胺甲噁唑的高度耐药，这表明难治性传染病的风险增加。因此，有必要对医生和公众进行充分的抗生素过度使用教育。
