Taurine has the advantages of being safe, highly efficient, chemically stabile, and biologically active, together with having versatile functions. Presently, it is employed as a veterinary feed additive in animal research. The tight junctions that constitute the intestinal epithelial cells are the most critical structures for ensuring regular and uninterrupted digestion and absorption of food by the intestinal mucosa, while at the same time resisting invasions by toxins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of taurine action on intestinal mechanical barrier function of piglets that were infected with LPS. The results showed that 0.3% taurine inhibits LPS-driven increase in intestinal permeability and intestinal mucosal injury, the rise in the ratio of villus length to crypt depth within the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and the significant enhancement in the expression of tight junction protein-related genes. In summary, dietary taurine significantly reduces intestinal mucosal structural damage and intestinal mucosal permeability while increasing gene expression of tight junction proteins of the intestinal mucosa of piglets induced by LPS, thereby enhancing the effect of intestinal mucosal mechanical barriers.