Samutela Mulemba Tillika, Phiri Bruno Stephen July, Simulundu Edgar, Kwenda Geoffrey, Moonga Ladslav, Bwalya Eugene C, Muleya Walter, Nyirahabimana Therese, Yamba Kaunda, Kainga Henson, Kallu Simegnew Adugna, Mwape Innocent, Frey Andrew, Bates Matthew, Higashi Hideaki, Hang'ombe Bernard Mudenda
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Jun 24;11(7):844. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11070844.
Pigs have been shown to be a reservoir for recently emerging livestock-associated (LA-SA), including methicillin resistant strains in many countries worldwide. However, there is sparse information about LA-SA strains circulating in Zambia. This study investigated the prevalence, phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of from pigs and workers at farms and abattoirs handling pigs in Lusaka Province of Zambia. A total of 492 nasal pig swabs, 53 hand and 53 nasal human swabs were collected from farms and abattoirs in selected districts. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate and determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of . Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to confirm the species identity and detect antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of isolates, whereas genetic diversity was evaluated using typing. Overall prevalence of was 33.1%, 37.8% for pigs and 11.8% for humans. The isolates were resistant to several antibiotics with resistance ranging from 18% to 98% but were all susceptible to vancomycin. Typical LA-SA types were detected. The presence of plasmid mediated resistance genes such as M (12.8%), other resistance determinants and immune evasion cluster genes among the isolates is of great public health concern. Thus, continuous surveillance of using a "One health" approach is warranted to monitor infections and spread of antimicrobial resistance.
猪已被证明是包括耐甲氧西林菌株在内的近期出现的家畜相关（LA-SA）细菌的宿主，在世界许多国家都是如此。然而，关于赞比亚境内传播的LA-SA菌株的信息却很少。本研究调查了赞比亚卢萨卡省农场和屠宰场的猪以及处理猪的工人中LA-SA的流行情况、表型和基因型特征。从选定地区的农场和屠宰场共采集了492份猪鼻拭子、53份手部和53份人鼻拭子。采用标准微生物学方法分离并确定LA-SA的抗菌药敏模式。聚合酶链反应用于确认分离株的物种身份并检测其抗菌耐药性和毒力基因，而遗传多样性则使用分型进行评估。LA-SA的总体流行率为33.1%，猪为37.8%，人为11.8%。分离株对几种抗生素耐药，耐药率在18%至98%之间，但对万古霉素均敏感。检测到典型的LA-SA分型。分离株中存在质粒介导的耐药基因如M（12.8%）、其他耐药决定因素和免疫逃避簇基因，这引起了极大的公共卫生关注。因此，有必要采用“同一健康”方法持续监测LA-SA，以监测其感染情况和抗菌耐药性的传播。
