Smith Andrea, Woodside Barbara, Abizaid Alfonso
Department of Neuroscience, Carleton Unversity, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Stress, Trauma and Relience (STAR) Work Group Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 15;13:904754. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.904754. eCollection 2022.
Ghrelin is considered one of the most potent orexigenic peptide hormones and one that promotes homeostatic and hedonic food intake. Research on ghrelin, however, has been conducted predominantly in males and particularly in male rodents. In female mammals the control of energy metabolism is complex and it involves the interaction between ovarian hormones like estrogen and progesterone, and metabolic hormones. In females, the role that ghrelin plays in promoting feeding and how this is impacted by ovarian hormones is not well understood. Basal ghrelin levels are higher in females than in males, and ghrelin sensitivity changes across the estrus cycle. Yet, responses to ghrelin are lower in female and seem dependent on circulating levels of ovarian hormones. In this review we discuss the role that ghrelin plays in regulating homeostatic and hedonic food intake in females, and how the effects of ghrelin interact with those of ovarian hormones to regulate feeding and energy balance.
胃饥饿素被认为是最有效的促食欲肽激素之一，也是一种促进稳态和享乐性食物摄入的激素。然而，关于胃饥饿素的研究主要在雄性动物中进行，特别是雄性啮齿动物。在雌性哺乳动物中，能量代谢的控制很复杂，涉及雌激素和孕酮等卵巢激素与代谢激素之间的相互作用。在雌性动物中，胃饥饿素在促进进食方面所起的作用以及卵巢激素如何影响这一作用尚不清楚。雌性动物的基础胃饥饿素水平高于雄性，并且胃饥饿素敏感性在发情周期中会发生变化。然而，雌性动物对胃饥饿素的反应较低，似乎取决于卵巢激素的循环水平。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了胃饥饿素在调节雌性动物稳态和享乐性食物摄入中所起的作用，以及胃饥饿素的作用如何与卵巢激素的作用相互作用以调节进食和能量平衡。
