Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jul 14;12:953022. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.953022. eCollection 2022.
Upon acute viral infection, virus-specific CD4 T cells differentiate into either T1 cells or follicular helper T (T) cells. The molecular pathways governing such bimodal cell fate commitment remain elusive. Additionally, effector virus-specific T cells further differentiate into corresponding memory population, which confer long-term protection against re-infection of same viruses by providing immediate help to virus-specific memory B cells. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying the long-term maintenance of memory T cells are largely unknown. In this review, we discuss current understanding of early differentiation of virus-specific effector T cells and long-term maintenance of virus-specific memory T cells in mouse models of viral infection and patients of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
在急性病毒感染时，病毒特异性 CD4 T 细胞分化为 T1 细胞或滤泡辅助 T（Tfh）细胞。调控这种双模态细胞命运决定的分子途径仍不清楚。此外，效应病毒特异性 T 细胞进一步分化为相应的记忆细胞群，通过为病毒特异性记忆 B 细胞提供即时帮助，从而对同一病毒的再感染提供长期保护。目前，记忆 T 细胞长期维持的分子机制在很大程度上仍是未知的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在病毒感染的小鼠模型和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染患者中，病毒特异性效应 T 细胞的早期分化和病毒特异性记忆 T 细胞的长期维持的现有认识。
