Ehlers U, Ehlers B
Cell Tissue Res. 1978 Sep 26;192(3):489-501. doi: 10.1007/BF00212328.
Kinocilia of epidermal sensory cells in fixed marine Turbellaria often terminate as flattened biconcave discs. The distal part of the ciliary axoneme curves back upon itself forming a 360 degree loop which is enveloped by the plasmalemma. In living animals this structure can be induced by the addition of sodium cacodylate, monobasic sodium phosphate, dibasic sodium phosphate, sucrose, calcium chloride, or formaldehyde to the sea water. Specimens treated with sodium chloride, glutaraldehyde, or osmium tetroxide do not show modified cilia. In animals prepared for EM at low temperature and with a buffered hypotonic fixative less kinocilia are modified than in animals treated with a buffered iso- or hypertonic fixative and at a higher temperature. It is assumed that the unusually shaped cilia, described as "paddle cilia" or "discocilia" in other invertebrates, do not represent a genuine but an artificial structure.
固定后的海洋涡虫表皮感觉细胞的动纤毛常以扁平双凹圆盘的形式终止。纤毛轴丝的远端部分自身向后弯曲形成一个360度的环，该环被质膜包裹。在活体动物中，向海水中添加二甲胂酸钠、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸氢二钠、蔗糖、氯化钙或甲醛可诱导形成这种结构。用氯化钠、戊二醛或四氧化锇处理的标本未显示纤毛有改变。在低温下用缓冲低渗固定剂制备用于电子显微镜观察的动物中，与用缓冲等渗或高渗固定剂且在较高温度下处理的动物相比，动纤毛发生改变的较少。据推测，在其他无脊椎动物中被描述为“桨状纤毛”或“盘状纤毛”的形状异常的纤毛并非真正的结构，而是人为造成的。
