Rick Patricia, Sánchez-Martín Milagrosa, Singh Aneesha, Navas-León Sergio, Borda-Mas Mercedes, Bianchi-Berthouze Nadia, Tajadura-Jiménez Ana
Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Spain.
UCL Interaction Centre, University College London, UK.
Digit Health. 2022 Jul 29;8:20552076221116559. doi: 10.1177/20552076221116559. eCollection 2022 Jan-Dec.
Many technological interventions designed to promote physical activity (PA) have limited efficacy and appear to lack important factors that could increase engagement. This may be due to a discrepancy between research conducted in this space, and software designers' and developers' use of this research to inform new digital applications.
This study aimed to identify (1) what are the variables that act as barriers and facilitators to PA and (2) which PA variables are currently considered in the design of technologies promoting PA including psychological, physical, and personal/contextual ones which are critical in promoting PA. We emphasize psychological variables in this work because of their sparse and often simplistic integration in digital applications for PA.
We conducted two systematized reviews on PA variables, using PsycInfo and Association for Computing Machinery Digital Libraries for objectives 1 and 2.
We identified 38 PA variables (mostly psychological ones) including barriers/facilitators in the literature. 17 of those variables were considered when developing digital applications for PA. Only few studies evaluate PA levels in relation to these variables. The same barriers are reported for all weight groups, though some barriers are stronger in people with obesity.
We identify PA variables and illustrate the lack of consideration of these in the design of PA technologies. Digital applications to promote PA may have limited efficacy if they do not address variables acting as facilitators or barriers to participation in PA, and that are important to people representing a range of body weight characteristics.
许多旨在促进身体活动（PA）的技术干预措施效果有限，且似乎缺乏能提高参与度的重要因素。这可能是由于该领域的研究与软件设计师和开发者利用此类研究来开发新数字应用之间存在差异。
本研究旨在确定（1）哪些变量是身体活动的障碍和促进因素，以及（2）在促进身体活动的技术设计中目前考虑了哪些身体活动变量，包括心理、身体以及个人/情境变量，这些变量对促进身体活动至关重要。由于心理变量在促进身体活动的数字应用中整合较少且往往过于简单，因此在本研究中我们着重关注心理变量。
我们针对身体活动变量进行了两项系统评价，分别使用PsycInfo数据库和美国计算机协会数字图书馆来实现目标1和目标2。
我们在文献中确定了38个身体活动变量（大多数为心理变量），包括障碍/促进因素。在开发促进身体活动的数字应用时，考虑了其中17个变量。只有少数研究评估了与这些变量相关的身体活动水平。所有体重组都报告了相同的障碍，尽管肥胖人群中的一些障碍更为突出。
我们确定了身体活动变量，并说明了在身体活动技术设计中对这些变量缺乏考虑。如果促进身体活动的数字应用不考虑那些作为参与身体活动的促进因素或障碍、且对具有不同体重特征的人群很重要的变量，其效果可能会有限。
