Department of Rasa shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Jul 18;12:937481. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.937481. eCollection 2022.
The second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused severe infections with high mortality. An increase in the cases of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) was reported predominantly in India. Commonly present in immunocompromised individuals, mucormycosis is often a life-threatening condition. Confounding factors and molecular mechanisms associated with CAM are still not well understood, and there is a need for careful research in this direction. In this review, a brief account of the diagnosis, management, and advancement in drug discovery for mucormycosis has been provided. Here, we summarize major factors that dictate the occurrence of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients through the analysis of published literature and case reports. Major predisposing factors to mucormycosis appear to be uncontrolled diabetes, steroid therapy, and certain cancers. At the molecular level, increased levels of iron in COVID-19 might contribute to mucormycosis. We have also discussed the potential role and regulation of iron metabolism in COVID-19 patients in establishing fungal growth. Other factors including diabetes prevalence and fungal spore burden in India as contributing factors have also been discussed.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的第二波疫情导致严重感染和高死亡率。印度主要报告了 COVID-19 相关毛霉菌病（CAM）病例的增加。毛霉菌病常见于免疫功能低下的个体，通常是一种危及生命的疾病。与 CAM 相关的混杂因素和分子机制尚不完全清楚，需要对此方向进行仔细研究。在这篇综述中，简要介绍了毛霉菌病的诊断、治疗和药物发现的进展。在这里，我们通过分析已发表的文献和病例报告，总结了决定 COVID-19 患者发生毛霉菌病的主要因素。毛霉菌病的主要易感因素似乎是未控制的糖尿病、类固醇治疗和某些癌症。在分子水平上，COVID-19 中增加的铁水平可能导致毛霉菌病。我们还讨论了 COVID-19 患者中铁代谢的潜在作用和调节在建立真菌生长中的作用。还讨论了印度糖尿病患病率和真菌孢子负担等其他因素作为促成因素的作用。
