Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, Australia.
Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Trends Parasitol. 2022 Oct;38(10):904-918. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.07.005. Epub 2022 Aug 3.
Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites. It is a well-known illness in companion animals and livestock, resulting in substantial economic losses in the cattle industry. Babesiosis is also recognized as an emerging zoonosis of humans in many countries worldwide. There is no vaccine against human babesiosis. Currently, preventive measures are focused on vector avoidance. Although not always effective, treatment includes antimicrobial therapy and exchange transfusion. In this review, we discuss the host's immune response to the parasite, vaccines being used to prevent babesiosis in animals, and lessons from malaria vaccine development efforts to inform the development of a human babesiosis vaccine. An effective human vaccine would be a significant advance towards curtailing this rapidly emerging disease.
巴贝斯虫病是一种由红细胞内巴贝斯虫寄生虫引起的蜱传疾病。它是伴侣动物和牲畜中一种众所周知的疾病，给牛养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。巴贝斯虫病在世界上许多国家也被认为是一种人类新兴的人畜共患病。目前还没有针对人类巴贝斯虫病的疫苗。目前，预防措施侧重于避免媒介。虽然并不总是有效，但治疗包括抗菌治疗和换血疗法。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了宿主对寄生虫的免疫反应、用于预防动物巴贝斯虫病的疫苗，以及从疟疾疫苗开发工作中吸取的经验教训，以指导人类巴贝斯虫病疫苗的开发。有效的人类疫苗将是遏制这种迅速出现的疾病的重大进展。
