Machado Ana, Serpa Dalila, Santos Ana Karolina, Gomes Ana Paula, Keizer Jan Jacob, Oliveira Bruna R F
Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal.
Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Oct 15;320:115766. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115766. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
The magnitude of forest fires' impacts on the environment is directly related to the changes induced on soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Using available organic resources to rehabilitate burnt forest soils can help reduce post-fire soil fertility loss, accelerating ecosystem recovery. In the present study, the potential of four soil amendments: a mycotechnosol, a eucalypt residue mulch, dredged sediments from a freshwater lagoon and an organic-mineral biofertilizer, to improve the quality of burnt forest soils in terms of organic matter, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents, was evaluated. Two experiments were set-up, one in a recently burnt eucalypt plantation and another in the laboratory using soils from the same area, to assess the effects of the amendments on soil quality, with both experiments lasting for 7 months. The effects of the amendments on nutrient leaching along the soil profile were also evaluated in the laboratory, to investigate possible negative impacts on groundwater and surface water quality. All amendments increased the organic matter and nutrient contents of burnt soils, confirming their potential for ecosystem rehabilitation. The biofertilizer, however, was found to promote nutrient losses by leaching, largely owing to its high solubility, increasing the risk of contamination of ground and surface waters. Using available organic resources to rehabilitate burnt forests as was done in the present work complies with the idea of a circular economy, being key for the sustainability of forest ecosystems.
森林火灾对环境的影响程度与土壤物理、化学和生物学性质的变化直接相关。利用现有的有机资源修复烧毁的森林土壤有助于减少火灾后土壤肥力损失，加速生态系统恢复。在本研究中，评估了四种土壤改良剂：一种菌根技术土壤、一种桉木残渣覆盖物、淡水泻湖疏浚沉积物和一种有机-矿物生物肥料，在有机质、碳、氮和磷含量方面改善烧毁森林土壤质量的潜力。设置了两个实验，一个在最近烧毁的桉树林种植园，另一个在实验室使用同一地区的土壤，以评估改良剂对土壤质量的影响，两个实验均持续7个月。还在实验室评估了改良剂对土壤剖面养分淋溶的影响，以调查对地下水和地表水质量可能的负面影响。所有改良剂都增加了烧毁土壤的有机质和养分含量，证实了它们在生态系统恢复方面的潜力。然而，发现生物肥料会因淋溶导致养分流失，这主要是由于其高溶解度，增加了地下水和地表水受到污染的风险。如本研究中所做的那样，利用现有的有机资源修复烧毁的森林符合循环经济理念，是森林生态系统可持续性的关键。
