Boksán K, Dechant M, Weiss M, Hellwig A, Stemmler M
Institute of Psychology, 9171Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Med Sci Law. 2023 Jan;63(1):53-60. doi: 10.1177/00258024221118971. Epub 2022 Aug 8.
Opioid substitution treatment (OST) is a common treatment for individuals who use opioids; however, empirical evidence on the effects of OST during incarceration is scarce. Our aim was to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of incarceration-based OST on substance use, treatment engagement post-release and re-incarceration. We searched for studies on individuals who were incarcerated and treated with OST, compared to a comparison group. Studies were only included if they reported data post-release. = 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. We found less opioid use, less other drug use, higher treatment engagement post-release and less re-incarceration among treated individuals compared to the comparison group. Moderator analyses showed some influence of length of follow-up period and study quality. Incarceration-based OST reduces drug use, re-incarceration and leads to higher treatment engagement after release. More research is needed on the effects of incarceration-based OST on secondary outcomes (e.g. health and social integration) and on factors that moderate these effects.
阿片类药物替代疗法（OST）是针对使用阿片类药物者的一种常见治疗方法；然而，关于监禁期间OST效果的实证证据却很匮乏。我们的目的是对基于监禁的OST对药物使用、释放后治疗参与度和再次监禁的影响进行荟萃分析。我们搜索了有关接受OST治疗的被监禁者与对照组相比的研究。只有报告了释放后数据的研究才被纳入。有15项研究符合纳入标准。我们发现，与对照组相比，接受治疗的个体阿片类药物使用减少、其他药物使用减少、释放后治疗参与度更高且再次监禁更少。调节因素分析显示随访期长度和研究质量有一定影响。基于监禁的OST可减少药物使用、再次监禁，并在释放后带来更高的治疗参与度。需要对基于监禁的OST对次要结局（如健康和社会融合）的影响以及调节这些影响的因素进行更多研究。
