Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Am J Med Genet A. 2022 Oct;188(10):3089-3095. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62942. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
Alternative use of short distance tandem sites such as NAGN AG are a common mechanism of alternative splicing; however, single nucleotide variants are rarely reported as likely to generate or to disrupt tandem splice sites. We identify a pathogenic intron 5 STK11 variant (NM_000455.4:c.[735-6A>G];[=]) segregating with the mucocutaneous features but not the hamartomatous polyps of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome in two individuals. By RNAseq analysis of peripheral blood mRNA, this variant was shown to generate a novel and preferentially used tandem proximal splice acceptor (AAGTGAAG). The variant transcript (NM_000455.4:c.734_734 + 1insTGAAG), which encodes a frameshift (p.[Tyr246Glufs*43]) constituted 36%-43% of STK11 transcripts suggesting partial escape from nonsense mediated mRNA decay and translation of a truncated protein. A review of the ClinVar database identified other similar variants. We suggest that nucleotide changes creating or disrupting tandem alternative splice sites are a pertinent disease mechanism and require contextualization for clinical reporting. Additionally, we hypothesize that some pathogenic STK11 variants cause an attenuated phenotype.
短距离串联位点(如 NAGNAG)的替代使用是可变剪接的常见机制;然而,很少有报道表明单核苷酸变异可能产生或破坏串联剪接位点。我们在两个个体中发现了 STK11 基因内含子 5 的致病性变异(NM_000455.4:c.[735-6A>G];[=]),该变异与 Peutz-Jeghers 综合征的黏膜皮肤特征有关,但与错构瘤无关。通过对外周血 mRNA 的 RNAseq 分析,该变异产生了一个新的、优先使用的近端串联剪接受体(AAGTGAAG)。变异转录本(NM_000455.4:c.734_734 + 1insTGAAG),编码移码(p.[Tyr246Glufs*43]),构成 STK11 转录本的 36%-43%,提示部分逃避无意义介导的 mRNA 降解和截断蛋白的翻译。对 ClinVar 数据库的回顾发现了其他类似的变异。我们认为,创建或破坏串联替代剪接位点的核苷酸变化是一种相关的疾病机制,需要在临床报告中进行背景化处理。此外,我们假设一些致病性 STK11 变异导致表型减弱。