Zhang Wenjian, Phillips Andrew, Wang Bing-Yan
Department of General Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North CarolinaUSA.
University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, HoustonUSA.
J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2022 Jun 30;13(2):e5. doi: 10.5037/jomr.2022.13205. eCollection 2022 Apr-Jun.
Sleep apnea and periodontitis have high incidences in general population. They share common risk factors such as obesity, smoking, and aging. As cone-beam computed tomography becomes popular in dentistry, airway analysis is very accessible to dentists. However, not many studies have investigated the correlations between airway volume and risk of sleep apnea and periodontitis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the association between airway volume and the occurrence of sleep apnea and periodontitis.
Overall, 258 patients were enrolled (male: 118, female: 140, age from 13 to 88). axiUm was used to collect demographical/physical information and the status of sleep apnea and periodontitis. Invivo™ software was utilized to measure airway dimensions. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD post-hoc test and Pearson analysis were run to determine statistical difference in airway volumes among patients with various demographic and health status, and association of airway dimensions with their sleep apnea and periodontal conditions.
Sleep apnea patients had significantly higher body weight, body mass index, and significantly smaller airway compared to non-apnea patients (P < 0.05). Old age, male, and diabetes were found to be positively correlated with sleep apnea. No association between airway dimension and periodontal status was identified.
Patients with high body mass index are at higher risk of developing constricted airway and sleep apnea. There appears to be no association between restricted airway and occurrence of periodontitis. Cone-beam computed tomography plays a critical role in identifying narrow airway and necessitating proper referral.
睡眠呼吸暂停和牙周炎在普通人群中发病率较高。它们有共同的风险因素，如肥胖、吸烟和衰老。随着锥形束计算机断层扫描在牙科领域的普及，牙医很容易进行气道分析。然而，很少有研究调查气道容积与睡眠呼吸暂停和牙周炎风险之间的相关性。这项回顾性研究的目的是调查气道容积与睡眠呼吸暂停和牙周炎发生之间的关联。
总共纳入了258例患者（男性118例，女性140例，年龄13至88岁）。使用axiUm收集人口统计学/身体信息以及睡眠呼吸暂停和牙周炎的状况。利用Invivo™软件测量气道尺寸。进行单因素方差分析，随后进行Tukey's HSD事后检验和Pearson分析，以确定不同人口统计学和健康状况患者的气道容积的统计学差异，以及气道尺寸与其睡眠呼吸暂停和牙周状况的关联。
与无呼吸暂停的患者相比，睡眠呼吸暂停患者的体重、体重指数显著更高，气道显著更小（P < 0.05）。发现老年、男性和糖尿病与睡眠呼吸暂停呈正相关。未发现气道尺寸与牙周状况之间存在关联。
体重指数高的患者发生气道狭窄和睡眠呼吸暂停的风险更高。气道受限与牙周炎的发生之间似乎没有关联。锥形束计算机断层扫描在识别狭窄气道和进行适当转诊方面起着关键作用。
