School of Applied Psychology, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Pfingstweidstrasse 96, P.O. Box 707, CH-8037 Zürich, Switzerland.
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 5;14(15):3204. doi: 10.3390/nu14153204.
To reduce obesity and thus promote healthy food choices, front-of-pack (FOP) labels have been introduced. Though FOP labels help identify healthy foods, their impact on actual food choices is rather small. A newly developed so-called swipe task was used to investigate whether the type of label used (summary vs. nutrient-specific) had differential effects on different operationalizations of the "healthier choice" measure (e.g., calories and sugar). After learning about the product offerings of a small online store, observers ( = 354) could, by means of a swipe gesture, purchase the products they needed for a weekend with six people. Observers were randomly assigned to one of five conditions, two summary label conditions (Nutri-Score and HFL), two nutrient (sugar)-specific label conditions (manga and comic), or a control condition without a label. Unexpectedly, more products (+7.3 products)-albeit mostly healthy ones-and thus more calories (+1732 kcal) were purchased in the label conditions than in the control condition. Furthermore, the tested labels had different effects with respect to the different operationalizations (e.g., manga reduced sugar purchase). We argue that the additional green-labeled healthy products purchased (in label conditions) "compensate" for the purchase of red-labeled unhealthy products (see averaging bias and licensing effect).
为了减少肥胖，从而促进健康的食物选择，引入了包装正面（FOP）标签。虽然 FOP 标签有助于识别健康食品，但它们对实际食物选择的影响相当小。一种新开发的所谓滑动任务被用来研究所使用的标签类型（摘要与营养特定）对“更健康选择”衡量标准的不同操作（例如卡路里和糖）是否有差异影响。在了解了一家小型在线商店的产品供应情况后，观察者（=354）可以通过滑动手势购买他们周末六个人所需的产品。观察者被随机分配到五种条件中的一种，两种摘要标签条件（Nutri-Score 和 HFL），两种营养（糖）特定标签条件（漫画和连环漫画）或没有标签的控制条件。出乎意料的是，与控制条件相比，标签条件下购买的产品（+7.3 种产品）——尽管大多是健康产品——以及因此购买的卡路里（+1732 千卡）更多。此外，测试标签对不同的操作（例如，漫画减少糖的购买）有不同的影响。我们认为，在标签条件下购买的额外的绿色标签健康产品（+7.3 种产品）“弥补”了红色标签不健康产品的购买（见平均偏差和许可效应）。
