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免疫佐剂系统多肽嵌合体疫苗诱导 Th1 型免疫反应控制利什曼原虫内脏利什曼病仓鼠模型脾寄生。

Immunoprophylaxis using polypeptide chimera vaccines plus adjuvant system promote Th1 response controlling the spleen parasitism in hamster model of visceral leishmaniasis.

机构信息

Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-00 Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

出版信息

Vaccine. 2022 Sep 2;40(37):5494-5503. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.005. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Abstract

In recent years, several advances have been observed in vaccinology especially for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). One of the tools employed is epitope prediction by immunoinformatic approaches that reduce the time and cost to develop a vaccine. In this scenario, immunoinformatics is being more often used to develop vaccines for NTDs, in particular visceral leishmaniasis (VL) which is proven not to have an effective vaccine yet. Based on that, in a previous study, two predicted T-cell multi-epitope chimera vaccines were experimentally validated in BALB/c mice to evaluate the immunogenicity, central and effector memory and protection against VL. Considering the results obtained in the mouse model, we assessed the immune response of these chimeras inMesocricetus auratushamster, which displays, experimentally, similar pathological status to human and dog VL disease. Our findings indicate that both chimeras lead to a dominant Th1 response profile, inducing a strong cellular response by increasing the production of IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokines associated with a decrease in IL-10. Also, the chimeras reduced the spleen parasite load and the weight a correlation between protector immunological mechanisms and consistent reduction of the parasitic load was observed. Our results demonstrate that both chimeras were immunogenic and corroborate with findings in the mouse model. Therefore, we reinforce the use of the hamster as a pre-clinical model in vaccination trials for canine and human VL and the importance of immunoinformatic to identify epitopes to design vaccines for this important neglected disease.

摘要

近年来,疫苗学取得了多项进展,尤其是在被忽视的热带病(NTDs)领域。其中一种工具是免疫信息学方法预测表位,这可以减少开发疫苗的时间和成本。在这种情况下,免疫信息学越来越多地被用于开发 NTDs 的疫苗,特别是内脏利什曼病(VL),目前还没有有效的疫苗。基于这一点,在之前的一项研究中,两种预测的 T 细胞多表位嵌合疫苗在 BALB/c 小鼠中进行了实验验证,以评估其免疫原性、中央和效应记忆以及对 VL 的保护作用。考虑到在小鼠模型中获得的结果,我们评估了这些嵌合体在 Mesocricetus auratus 仓鼠中的免疫反应,仓鼠在实验中表现出与人类和犬内脏利什曼病相似的病理状态。我们的研究结果表明,这两种嵌合体都导致了主导的 Th1 反应谱,通过增加与 IL-10 减少相关的 IFN-γ 和 TNF-α 细胞因子的产生,诱导强烈的细胞反应。此外,嵌合体还降低了脾脏寄生虫负荷和体重,观察到保护免疫机制与寄生虫负荷的一致减少之间存在相关性。我们的研究结果表明,这两种嵌合体都具有免疫原性,并与小鼠模型的发现一致。因此,我们加强了将仓鼠作为犬和人类 VL 疫苗临床试验的临床前模型的使用,并强调免疫信息学在鉴定用于这种重要的被忽视疾病的疫苗表位方面的重要性。

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