Chouhan Sonalkunwar, Mulani Rinkal, Ansari Hafsa, Sindhav Gaurang, Rao Priyashi, Rawal Rakesh M, Saraf Meenu, Goswami Dweipayan
Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
Department of Zoology and Biomedical Technology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jan;30(3):7874-7885. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22731-4. Epub 2022 Sep 1.
Thiram (tetramethylthiuramdisulfide) or thiram sulphide is a dithiocarbamate group of non-systemic group of fungicide which are applied for seed treatment, control of the crop pests, to repel animals, etc. Moreover, thiram has also been responsible to cause moderate skin sensitivity and eye irritation. Higher exposure to thiram might also lead to developmental damages to newborn and neurotoxic effects to non-target organisms. Advancing to prevent such toxic effects and prevention of soil fertility from thiram and thiram-like chemicals is indispensable. The analytical High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) is a simple, quick and a reliable method was proposed and validated for the detection and quantification of various small molecules for many years. This manuscript represents the solution to use microbes to degrade the thiram present in the soil and for that, HPTLC based method to study thiram degradation by Pseudomonas has been designed. Herein, a HPTLC protocol formalised to reveal the detection and quantification of thiram within the range of 100 to 700 ng/spot on TLC plate. The same concentration was then used for calculating percent microbial degradation of thiram from the culture broth. To perform the microbial degradation of thiram, Pseudomonas otitidis strain TD-8 and Pseudomonas stutzeri strain TD-18 were taken as thiram degrader microbial strain. The efficacy of TD-8 to degrade thiram was identified to be 81 and 99% when grown in presence of thiram for 4 days and 8 days, respectively, while TD-18 strain's efficacy to degrade thiram was found to be 57% and 99% when grown in presence of thiram for 4 days and 8 days, respectively.
福美双（四甲基秋兰姆二硫化物）或硫化福美双是一种二硫代氨基甲酸盐类非内吸性杀菌剂，用于种子处理、防治农作物害虫、驱赶动物等。此外，福美双还会导致中度皮肤过敏和眼睛刺激。高剂量接触福美双还可能对新生儿造成发育损害，并对非靶标生物产生神经毒性作用。因此，必须采取措施防止福美双及类似化学物质产生此类毒性作用，并防止土壤肥力受到影响。多年来，高效薄层色谱法（HPTLC）一直是一种简单、快速且可靠的方法，用于检测和定量各种小分子。本论文提出并验证了利用微生物降解土壤中福美双的解决方案，并设计了基于HPTLC的方法来研究铜绿假单胞菌对福美双的降解。本文制定了一种HPTLC方案，用于在薄层色谱板上检测和定量100至700 ng/斑点范围内的福美双。然后使用相同浓度计算培养液中福美双的微生物降解百分比。为了进行福美双的微生物降解，选用耳炎假单胞菌TD-8菌株和施氏假单胞菌TD-18菌株作为福美双降解微生物菌株。当在福美双存在的情况下生长4天和8天时，TD-8菌株降解福美双的效率分别为81%和99%，而TD-18菌株在相同条件下生长4天和8天时，降解福美双的效率分别为57%和99%。
