Iammarino Marco, Berardi Giovanna, Vita Valeria, Elia Antonio, Conversa Giulia, Di Taranto Aurelia
Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, 71121 Foggia, Italy.
Department of Agriculture Sciences, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Foods. 2022 Aug 25;11(17):2571. doi: 10.3390/foods11172571.
Nitrite and nitrate levels in vegetables are a matter of concern due to their toxicity at high levels and nitrate high accumulation. Moreover, there is a lack of knowledge about their levels in some types of widely consumed vegetables such as chard and rocket. In this study, 124 Swiss chard and wild rocket samples were analyzed for determining nitrite and nitrate using validated and accredited analytical methods by ion chromatography with conductivity detection. High nitrite concentrations, up to 219.5 mg kg−1 f.w., were detected in one Swiss chard and three wild rocket samples. One Margin of Safety (MoS) value was <1. Regarding nitrate, in Swiss chard samples the mean concentration (2522.6 mg kg−1) was slightly higher than those reported in the literature for spinach and lettuce. No MoS was <1, but 83% of values were <100. Nitrate concentrations higher than the legal limit were quantified in 11 rucola samples. The verification of 25% of wild rocket samples with nitrate concentration higher than the legal limit confirmed the need for official control. This study also suggests the introduction of legal limits for nitrite/nitrate in Swiss chard and nitrite in wild rocket.
蔬菜中的亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐含量令人担忧，因为它们在高含量时具有毒性且硝酸盐积累量高。此外，对于某些广泛食用的蔬菜，如瑞士甜菜和芝麻菜，人们对其含量缺乏了解。在本研究中，使用经过验证和认可的离子色谱电导检测分析方法，对124个瑞士甜菜和野生芝麻菜样本进行了亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐含量分析。在一个瑞士甜菜样本和三个野生芝麻菜样本中检测到高浓度亚硝酸盐，高达219.5 mg kg−1 f.w.。一个安全边际（MoS）值<1。关于硝酸盐，瑞士甜菜样本中的平均浓度（2522.6 mg kg−1）略高于文献中报道的菠菜和生菜的浓度。没有MoS<1，但83%的值<100。在11个芝麻菜样本中检测到硝酸盐浓度高于法定限值。对25%硝酸盐浓度高于法定限值的野生芝麻菜样本进行的核查证实了官方监管的必要性。本研究还建议为瑞士甜菜中的亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐以及野生芝麻菜中的亚硝酸盐引入法定限值。
