心房扑动电生理学的历史，从拖带至消融：精准电生理学的百年历程。
The History of Atrial Flutter Electrophysiology, from Entrainment to Ablation: A 100-Year Experience in the Precision Electrocardiology.
机构信息
Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti", Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Conca 71, Ancona 60126, Italy.
Department of Heart and Vessels, Ospedale di Circolo, Viale Borri, 57, Varese 21100, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Viale Guicciardini, 9, Varese 21100, Italy.
出版信息
Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2022 Sep;14(3):357-373. doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2022.05.001. Epub 2022 Aug 22.
Atrial flutter (AFL) is a regular supraventricular reentrant tachycardia generating a continuous fluttering of the baseline electrocardiography (ECG) at a rate of 250 to 300 beats per minute. AFL is classified based on the involvement of the cavo-tricuspid isthmus in the circuit. The "isthmic" (or type 1) AFL develops entirely in the right atrium; this circuit is commonly activated in a counter-clockwise direction, generating the common sawtooth ECG morphology in the inferior leads (slow descendent-fast ascendent). AFL can be nonisthmus dependent (type 2), often presenting with faster atrial rate and most commonly a left atrial location.
心房扑动（AFL）是一种规则的上腔性折返性心动过速，每分钟产生 250 到 300 次连续的基线心电图（ECG）扑动。AFL 根据在该环路上是否涉及腔静脉-三尖瓣峡部进行分类。“峡部”（或 1 型）AFL 完全在右心房内发生；该环路由反时钟方向通常激活，在下导线上产生常见的锯齿状 ECG 形态（缓慢下降-快速上升）。AFL 可以不依赖峡部（2 型），通常表现为更快的心房率，并且最常见于左心房位置。
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