Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan 430010, China.
Nanjing Institute of Environment Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210023, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 25;19(19):12150. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912150.
Lakes are considered sentinels of terrestrial environmental change. Nevertheless, our understanding of the impact of catchment anthropogenic activities on nutrients and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO, an important parameter in evaluating CO levels in water) is still restrained by the scarcity of long-term observations. In this study, spatiotemporal variations in nutrient concentrations (total nitrogen: TN, total phosphorus: TP, nitrate: NO-N, and ammonium: NH-N) pCO in Taihu Lake were analyzed from 1992 to 2006, along with the gross domestic product (GDP) and wastewater discharge (WD) of its catchment. The study area was divided into three zones to characterize spatial heterogeneity in water quality: the inflow river mouth zone (Liangxi River and Zhihugang River), transition zone (Meiliang Bay), and central Taihu Lake, respectively. It is abundantly obvious that external nutrient inputs from the catchment have a notable impact on the water parameters in Taihu Lake, because nutrient concentrations and pCO were substantially higher in the inflow river mouth zone than in the open water of Meiliang Bay and central Taihu Lake. The GDP and WD of Taihu Lake's catchment were significantly and positively correlated with the temporal variation in nutrient concentrations and pCO, indicating that catchment development activities had an impact on Taihu Lake's water quality. In addition, pCO was negatively correlated with chlorophyll a and the saturation of dissolved oxygen, but positively correlated with nutrient concentrations (e.g., TN, TP, and NH-N) in inflow river mouth zone of Taihu Lake. The findings of this study reveal that the anthropogenic activities of the catchment not only affect the water quality of Taihu Lake but also the CO concentrations. Consequently, catchment effects require consideration when modeling and estimating CO emissions from the extensively human-impacted eutrophic lakes.
湖泊被认为是陆地环境变化的哨兵。然而，由于长期观测数据的缺乏，我们对集水区人为活动对营养物质和二氧化碳分压（pCO，评估水中 CO 水平的重要参数）的影响的理解仍然受到限制。在这项研究中，分析了 1992 年至 2006 年太湖营养物质浓度（总氮：TN、总磷：TP、硝酸盐：NO-N 和氨氮：NH-N）和二氧化碳分压（pCO）的时空变化，以及集水区的国内生产总值（GDP）和污水排放量（WD）。研究区域分为三个区域，分别为入湖河口区（梁溪河和直湖港）、过渡区（梅梁湾）和太湖中部，以表征水质的空间异质性。显然，集水区的外部营养物质输入对太湖的水质参数有显著影响，因为入湖河口区的营养物质浓度和 pCO 明显高于梅梁湾和太湖中部的开阔水域。太湖集水区的 GDP 和 WD 与营养物质浓度和 pCO 的时间变化呈显著正相关，表明集水区发展活动对太湖水质有影响。此外，pCO 与叶绿素 a 和溶解氧饱和度呈负相关，但与太湖入湖河口区的营养物质浓度（如 TN、TP 和 NH-N）呈正相关。本研究的结果表明，集水区的人为活动不仅影响太湖的水质，还影响 CO 浓度。因此，在对广泛受人类影响的富营养化湖泊的 CO 排放进行建模和估计时，需要考虑集水区的影响。
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