铸态导电沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装电极布局优化与数值模拟

Li Zhenxia, Guo Tengteng, Chen Yuanzhao, Yang Wenping, Ding Shengquan, Hao Menghui, Zhao Xu, Liu Jinyuan

School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China.

Henan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Environment Friendly and High-Performance Pavement Materials, Zhengzhou 450045, China.

Materials (Basel). 2022 Oct 10;15(19):7033. doi: 10.3390/ma15197033.

In order to obtain the optimal electrode layout and ice melting effect of cast conductive asphalt concrete steel bridge deck pavement, firstly, pouring conductive asphalt concrete was prepared; secondly, different electrode materials and layout methods were selected to test the heating rate of the specimen from start to 120 min, and the electrode materials and layout methods were optimized. Then, the finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to build the model for heating and ice melting simulation, and the indoor test was used to further verify the ice melting effect of the cast conductive asphalt coagulation with or without the insulation layer. Finally, the thermal-structural coupling analysis of cast conductive asphalt concrete steel bridge deck pavement was carried out using ANSYS finite element software. The results showed that the stainless steel electrode material had the best heating effect, and the electrode thickness in the range of 0.1~3 mm had no effect on the heating effect. The intermediate heating rate of the upper surface of the stainless steel sheet electrode cast conductive asphalt concrete in the left and right external electrodes was 8 ∘C/h, while the intermediate heating rate of the upper surface of the stainless steel mesh electrode cast conductive asphalt concrete was 12.9 ∘C/h. The layout of the left and right buried stainless steel metal mesh was able to effectively improve the snow melting efficiency; ANSYS finite element ice melting simulation was used to obtain the variation law of ice melting efficiency and a temperature field of cast conductive asphalt concrete. The indoor ice melting test showed that when melting the same thickness ice layer at 50 V voltage, it took 240 min with an insulation layer and 720 min without an insulation layer, which was three times that of the ice with an insulation layer, which further verifies the superiority of its ice melting effect. The most unfavorable load position of pavement under load and temperature field was determined. The maximum tensile stress and compressive stress of the pavement surface were transverse, and the maximum shear stress of the pavement bottom was transverse.

为获得浇筑式导电沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装的最优电极布置及融冰效果，首先，制备浇筑式导电沥青混凝土；其次，选取不同电极材料及布置方式，测试试件从开始到120 min的升温速率，对电极材料及布置方式进行优化。然后，利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立加热及融冰模拟模型，并通过室内试验进一步验证有无保温层时浇筑式导电沥青混凝土的融冰效果。最后，利用ANSYS有限元软件对浇筑式导电沥青混凝土钢桥面铺装进行热-结构耦合分析。结果表明，不锈钢电极材料加热效果最佳，电极厚度在0.1~3 mm范围内对加热效果无影响。左右外置电极不锈钢片电极浇筑式导电沥青混凝土上表面中间升温速率为8℃/h，不锈钢网电极浇筑式导电沥青混凝土上表面中间升温速率为12.9℃/h。左右埋入式不锈钢金属网布置能有效提高融雪效率；利用ANSYS有限元融冰模拟得到浇筑式导电沥青混凝土融冰效率及温度场变化规律。室内融冰试验表明，在50 V电压下融化相同厚度冰层时，有保温层用时240 min，无保温层用时720 min，是有保温层融冰时间的3倍，进一步验证了其融冰效果的优越性。确定了荷载和温度场作用下铺装最不利荷载位置；铺装表面最大拉应力和压应力为横向，铺装底部最大剪应力为横向。