Cellulose nanocrystals as sustainable additives in water-based cutting fluids.

Cutting fluid is indispensable in the machining industry as a fluid for lubrication and cooling in the metalworking process due to their ability to significantly improve various properties of cutting fluid. Castor oil, as a common base oil and additive in cutting fluid, can be grafted onto the surface of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) to further enhance the lubricating properties of cutting fluid. It has been shown that cellulose nanocrystals and castor oil modified cellulose nanocrystals (CO-CNC) as additives in cutting fluid have good dispersion stability and can effectively improve the lubricating properties. When the amount of CNC or CO-CNC was added in the working fluid at about 0.5 wt%, the friction coefficient was significantly reduced. According to the results from this study, cellulose nanocrystal is a promising candidate as the nontoxic and renewable additive for the improvement of diverse performances for the water-based cutting fluid.