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体现关系的研究:如何提高研究人员探索存在方面的能力?

Embodied relational research: How can researchers' competences in exploring existential aspects be enhanced?

机构信息

Health, Department of Public Health, Nursing, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.

School of Communication and Culture, English Business Communication, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.

出版信息

Scand J Caring Sci. 2023 Jun;37(2):424-433. doi: 10.1111/scs.13125. Epub 2022 Oct 18.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

This methodological essay discusses the following question: How can researchers' competences in exploring existential aspects related to healthcare be enhanced? Exploring this novel perspective on caring practice may help us better understand and communicate about experiences and issues that matter to others (e.g. patients/users). Two things are needed: firstly, a vocabulary mirroring an "aesthetic-holistic" research approach allowing us to capture the essence of "what it is like" and secondly, the development of skills and competences allowing us to understand complex aspects of caring that are embodied, ethically sensitive and sustainable.

AIM

To identify personal competences and approaches underpinning research exploring "what it is like"-understanding human existence.

DISCUSSION

The discussion addresses three questions: (A) What does human science exploring human existence search for? (B) Which researcher competences are required? (C) Which theoretical and practical approaches and dimensions may enhance the researchers' competences? We argue that we should find "ourselves" not only grasped through language and a qualitative research-methodological approach but also in what is reflected in the relation between self, language (dialogue) and the other. It is crucial to listen to the world in an ontological way. Emotions, feelings and bodily sensed understandings can, in some situations, bar us from stepping further into meta-physical listening and from adopting a being-in-the-world stance. In this relational perspective, the researcher may adopt an attentive pace and aesthetical attunement that transcend what cannot be reached through the language of logical, rigorous, precise and rational words, tuning into the ontological mood that exists as the tacit backdrop of our existence. This approach we dub "Embodied Relational Research."

CONCLUSION

Researchers who explore humanity may benefit from cultivating awareness, sensitivity and understanding while displaying openness towards the other (the patients' or users' experiences). In this context, contemplative and creative dimensions are important to apply.

摘要

背景

本方法论文章探讨了以下问题:如何增强研究人员探索与医疗保健相关的存在方面的能力?探索这种新颖的关怀实践视角可以帮助我们更好地理解和交流他人(如患者/用户)关心的问题和经历。为此需要两方面的努力:第一,发展一种词汇体系来反映“审美-整体”的研究方法,使我们能够捕捉到“是什么样的”本质;第二,培养技能和能力,使我们能够理解关怀实践中所体现的、伦理敏感的和可持续的复杂方面。

目的

确定探索“是什么样的”——理解人类存在——的研究中所需要的个人能力和方法。

讨论

讨论涉及三个问题:(A)探索人类存在的人文科学在寻找什么?(B)需要哪些研究人员的能力?(C)哪些理论和实践方法和维度可以提高研究人员的能力?我们认为,我们不仅要通过语言和定性研究方法来理解自己,还要通过自我、语言(对话)和他人之间的关系来理解自己。以本体论的方式倾听世界是至关重要的。在某些情况下,情感、感受和身体感知的理解可能会阻碍我们进一步进入形而上学的倾听,以及采取存在于世界的立场。在这种关系视角下,研究人员可以采取一种专注的步伐和审美的协调,超越通过逻辑、严谨、精确和理性的语言无法达到的范围,调谐到存在于我们存在的隐性背景中的本体论情绪。我们将这种方法称为“具身关系研究”。

结论

探索人性的研究人员可能受益于培养意识、敏感性和理解力,同时对他人(患者或用户的经历)持开放态度。在这种背景下,沉思和创造性的维度是很重要的。

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