Therapeutic Antibody Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals, Noida, India.
Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother. 2022 Oct;41(5):260-274. doi: 10.1089/mab.2021.0066.
In past few years many rituximab (RTX) biosimilars have been launched in India. Biosimilars are products that are similar in terms of quality, safety, and efficacy to its innovator product and are expected to offer improved affordability. The less clinical examination is a significant source of reduction in the cost of development of a biosimilar. However, this clinical relief is predicated on the assumption that there is analytical similarity between the biosimilar and the innovator product. Therefore, the role of National Control Laboratory become very important to ensure the quality of these drugs by carrying out analytical characterization at the point of drug product release level as when referred by National Regulatory Authority for quality evaluation. To assess the similarity between innovator and biosimilars, different physicochemical and biological quality attributes were assessed. A multitude of state-of-the-art analysis of = 3 RTX biosimilars marketed in India revealed that the impurity profiles of these biosimilars measured by charge variant analysis (cation exchange chromatography-high performance liquid chromatography [HPLC], capillary zone electrophoresis, and capillary isoelectric focusing), aggregates profiling (size exclusion chromatography-HPLC), fragments analysis (capillary electrophoresis-sodium dodecyl sulfate) were found to be significantly varying as compared with the innovator product. There were significant variations in acidic variants ( = 0.023) and basic variants ( = 0.0005), isoelectric point value ( < 0.0001), aggregates ( = 0.0231), and fragments ( < 0.0001) of biosimilars were found as that of innovator product. However, these differences were not affecting the biological activity in the cell-based potency analysis by complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assay ( = 0.1026), antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) ( = 0.3736), and binding assay by flow cytometer fluorescence-activated cell sorting ( = 0.4005) of these biosimilars as compared with the innovator product.
在过去的几年中,印度推出了许多利妥昔单抗(RTX)生物类似药。生物类似药在质量、安全性和疗效方面与原研产品相似,预计能提供更高的可负担性。较少的临床检查是降低生物类似药开发成本的重要因素。然而,这种临床缓解是基于生物类似药和原研产品之间存在分析相似性的假设。因此,国家控制实验室的作用非常重要,通过在药品放行水平进行分析特性研究,确保这些药物的质量,国家监管机构在质量评估时会参考这些数据。为了评估原研药和生物类似药之间的相似性,对不同的理化和生物学质量属性进行了评估。对印度市场上销售的 3 种 RTX 生物类似药进行了大量的现代分析,结果表明,通过电荷变异分析(阳离子交换色谱-高效液相色谱 [HPLC]、毛细管区带电泳和毛细管等电聚焦)、聚集物分析(尺寸排阻色谱-HPLC)、片段分析(毛细管电泳-十二烷基硫酸钠)测量的这些生物类似药的杂质谱与原研产品相比有显著差异。与原研产品相比,酸性变异体( = 0.023)和碱性变异体( = 0.0005)、等电点值( < 0.0001)、聚集物( = 0.0231)和片段( < 0.0001)存在显著差异。然而,这些差异并没有影响细胞效力分析中的生物活性,通过补体依赖性细胞毒性(CDC)测定( = 0.1026)、抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性(ADCC)( = 0.3736)和流式细胞仪荧光激活细胞分选(FCAS)的结合测定( = 0.4005),与原研产品相比,这些生物类似药的生物活性没有变化。