Acute Kidney Injury in the Inpatient and Outpatient Setting.

The incidence and prevalence of inpatient acute kidney injury is continuing to increase. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an all-encompassing topic in renal care as well as critical care. The definition and criteria for diagnosis of AKI have evolved over time. There are many causes of AKI and identifying the cause is key in reversing and controlling the progression of disease. Metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and sepsis require detailed evaluation to best provide the most appropriate plan and execution. Critical care nurses are vitally important when identifying and managing acute kidney injury. Renal replacement therapy is a remarkable tool that requires expertise from the critical nurse. Once it is mastered, the most vulnerable patient in the ICU can become the recipient of good and positive outcomes.