EMT 下游的可变剪接增强了结肠癌的表型可塑性和恶性行为。
Alternative splicing downstream of EMT enhances phenotypic plasticity and malignant behavior in colon cancer.
机构信息
Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Laboratory of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Institute Curie, Paris, France.
出版信息
Elife. 2022 Nov 8;11:e82006. doi: 10.7554/eLife.82006.
Phenotypic plasticity allows carcinoma cells to transiently acquire the quasi-mesenchymal features necessary to detach from the primary mass and proceed along the invasion-metastasis cascade. A broad spectrum of epigenetic mechanisms is likely to cause the epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) transitions necessary to allow local dissemination and distant metastasis. Here, we report on the role played by alternative splicing (AS) in eliciting phenotypic plasticity in epithelial malignancies with focus on colon cancer. By taking advantage of the coexistence of subpopulations of fully epithelial (EpCAM) and quasi-mesenchymal and highly metastatic (EpCAM) cells in conventional human cancer cell lines, we here show that the differential expression of and other RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) downstream of the EMT master regulator alters the AS pattern of a broad spectrum of targets including and , thus resulting in the generation of specific isoforms functionally associated with increased invasion and metastasis. Additional functional and clinical validation studies indicate that both the newly identified RBPs and the CD44s and NUMB2/4 splicing isoforms promote local invasion and distant metastasis and are associated with poor survival in colon cancer. The systematic elucidation of the spectrum of EMT-related RBPs and AS targets in epithelial cancers, apart from the insights in the mechanisms underlying phenotypic plasticity, will lead to the identification of novel and tumor-specific therapeutic targets.
表型可塑性使癌细胞能够暂时获得脱离原发性肿瘤并沿着侵袭-转移级联前进所需的准间质特征。广泛的表观遗传机制可能导致上皮-间质(EMT)和间质-上皮(MET)转变,从而允许局部扩散和远处转移。在这里,我们报告了可变剪接(AS)在引发上皮性恶性肿瘤表型可塑性中的作用,重点是结肠癌。通过利用传统人类癌细胞系中完全上皮(EpCAM)和准间质和高转移性(EpCAM)细胞亚群的共存,我们在此表明 EMT 主调节因子下游的 和其他 RNA 结合蛋白(RBPs)的差异表达改变了广泛靶标的 AS 模式,包括 和 ,从而产生与侵袭和转移增加功能相关的特定异构体。额外的功能和临床验证研究表明,新鉴定的 RBPs 以及 CD44s 和 NUMB2/4 剪接异构体促进局部侵袭和远处转移,并与结肠癌患者的不良生存相关。系统阐明上皮性癌症中 EMT 相关 RBPs 和 AS 靶标,除了深入了解表型可塑性的机制外,还将导致鉴定新的肿瘤特异性治疗靶标。